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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/0235-2990-2023-68-7-8-83-89</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-1067</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Ренессанс спирамицина в клинической практике</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Renaissance of Spiramycin in Clinical Practice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7606-8608</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яковлев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yakovlev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Яковлев Сергей Владимирович — д. м. н., профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии №2 Института клинической медицины; врач-клинический фармаколог</p><p>Коломенский пр., д, 4, г. Москва, 115446</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Yakovlev — D. Sc. in Medicine, Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy No. 2 of the Institute of ClinicalMedicine;  clinical pharmacologist </p><p>4 Kolomensky Drive, Moscow, 115446</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">antimicrob@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1389-6454</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суворова</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suvorova</surname><given-names>М. Р.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суворова Маргарита Петровна — к. м. н., доцент кафедры госпитальной терапии №2 Института клинической медицины; врач-клинический фармаколог </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margarita P. Suvorova — Ph. D. in Medicine, Associate Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy No. 2 of the Institute of Clinical Medicine; clinical pharmacologist</p><p> Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И. М. Сеченова (Сеченовский Университет); ГКБ им. С. С. Юдина ДЗМ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University; City Clinical Hospital named after S. S. Yudin</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>68</volume><issue>7-8</issue><fpage>83</fpage><lpage>89</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Яковлев С.В., Суворова М.П., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Яковлев С.В., Суворова М.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Yakovlev S.V., Suvorova М.Р.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1067">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1067</self-uri><abstract><p>Спирамицин является природным 16-членным макролидным антибиотиком, который применяется в медицине около 70 лет. Несмотря на свою длительную историю, спирамицин сохраняет крепкие позиции в клинической практике, причём устойчивость к нему основных респираторных и урогенитальных патогенов ниже, чем к 14- и 15-членным макролидам. Интерес к спирамицину обусловлен тем, что по своим физико-химическим и фармакокинетическим свойствам он сходен с последними полусинтетическими макролидами и лишён недостатков эритромицина. Особые биологические свойства спирамицина объясняют его стабильно высокую клиническую эффективность в течение 70 лет клинического применения при различных инфекциях. Следует подчеркнуть особую уникальность спирамицина как антибиотика с наличием не только прямого воздействия на микробы, но и неантибиотических свойств. Это позволило экспертам в своё время заявить о «парадоксе» спирамицина, то есть о наличии более высокой реальной клинической эффективности, чем ожидаемой по данным исследований in vitro. К таким свойствам спирамицина можно отнести проантибиотический и постантибиотический эффекты, иммуномодулирующее действие, высокие внутриклеточные и внеклеточные концентрации антибиотика. В обзоре обсуждаются антимикробные, фармакокинетические и фармакодинамические характеристики спирамицина и его место при лечении различных инфекций — респираторных, ЛОР-органов, урогенитальных, гинекологических, стоматологических.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Spiramycin is a natural 16-membered macrolide antibiotic that has been used in clinical practice for about 70 years. Despite long-term use, spiramycin retains its position in clinical practice; the resistance of the main respiratory and urogenital pathogens is lower to spiramycin than to 14- and 15-membered macrolides. The interest in spiramycin is due to the fact that its physico-chemical and pharmacokinetic properties are similar to the last semi-synthetic macrolides, and it lacks the disadvantages of erythromycin. Special biological properties of spiramycin explain its consistently high clinical efficacy that has lasted for 70 years of clinical use in various infections. It is necessary to emphasize the uniqueness of spiramycin as an antibiotic with not only the direct effect on microbes, but also non-antibiotic properties. This allowed the experts at the time to declare the «paradox» of spiramycin — the presence of a higher real clinical efficacy than expected according to in vitro studies. Such properties of spiramycin include pro-antibiotic and post-antibiotic effects, immunomodulatory effect, as well as high intracellular and extracellular concentrations of the antibiotic. The review discusses antimicrobial, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic characteristics of spiramycin and its place in the treatment of various infections — respiratory, ENT, urogenital, gynecological, and dental.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>спирамицин</kwd><kwd>макролиды</kwd><kwd>антимикробная активность</kwd><kwd>фармакокинетика</kwd><kwd>иммуномодулируюшее действие</kwd><kwd>постантибиотический эффект</kwd><kwd>проантибиотический эффект</kwd><kwd>клиническое применение</kwd><kwd>безопасность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>spiramycin</kwd><kwd>macrolides</kwd><kwd>antimicrobial activity</kwd><kwd>pharmacokinetics</kwd><kwd>immunomodulatory properties</kwd><kwd>post-antibiotic effect</kwd><kwd>pro-antibiotic effect</kwd><kwd>clinical use</kwd><kwd>safety</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Smith C.R. 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