antibioticsАнтибиотики и ХимиотерапияAntibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy0235-2990ООО «Издательство ОКИ»10.37489/0235-2990-2024-69-5-6-11-18antibiotics-1141Research ArticleЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯEXPERIMENTAL STUDIESСкрининг антибактериальной и антифунгальной активностей экстрактов базидиомицетовScreening of Antibacterial and Antifungal Activities of Basidiomycetes Extractshttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-3188-7386ЛысаковаВ. С.LysakovaV. S.

Лысакова Валерия Сергеевна — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории биосинтеза биологически активных веществ

Москва

Valeria S. Lysakova — Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Biologically Active Substances

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0063-4922СиневаО. Н.SinevaO. N.

Синева Ольга Николаевна — к. б. н., научный сотрудник лаборатории таксономического изучения и коллекции культур микроорганизмов

Москва

0000-0002-0063-4922

Olga N. Sineva — Ph. D. in Biology, Researcher at the Laboratory of Taxonomic Study and Collection of Microorganism Cultures

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4107-3794БычковаО. П.BychkovaO. P.

Бычкова Ольга Петровна — к. б. н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории разработки методов поиска биологически активных соединений.

Москва

Olga P. Bychkova — Ph. D. in Biology, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory for the Development of Methods for Searching for Biologically Active Compounds

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0391-0339КраснопольскаяЛ. М.KrasnopolskayaL. M.

Краснопольская Лариса Михайловна — д. б. н., ведущий научный сотрудник, заведующая лаборатории биосинтеза биологически активных веществ

Москва

Larisa M. Krasnopolskaya — D. Sc. in Biology, Leading researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Biosynthesis of Biologically Active Substances

Moscow

ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт по изысканию новых антибиотиков им. Г. Ф. Гаузе»РоссияGause Institute of New AntibioticsRussian Federation202430092024695-61118Copyright © Лысакова В.С., Синева О.Н., Бычкова О.П., Краснопольская Л.М., 20242024Лысакова В.С., Синева О.Н., Бычкова О.П., Краснопольская Л.М.Lysakova V.S., Sineva O.N., Bychkova O.P., Krasnopolskaya L.M.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1141

Актуальность. Базидиомицеты обладают высокими биосинтетическими возможностями. Их метаболиты способны проявлять антимикробные свойства, тем самым являясь перспективными молекулами для применения в медицине или для дальнейшей химической трансформации. Цель. Оценка антибактериальных и антифунгальных свойств экстрактов культуральной жидкости представителей отдела Basidiomycota из порядков Agaricales и Polyporales, отбор активных штаммов для дальнейших исследований. Материал и методы. Объектами исследования служили 10 штаммов 10 видов базидиомицетов из порядков Agaricales и Polyporales. Тестировали фильтраты культуральных жидкостей, полученных в результате погруженного культивирования базидиомицетов, их этилацетатные экстракты и постэкстракционные жидкости. Культуральную жидкость Fomitopsis betulina также экстрагировали хлороформом и бутанолом. Антибактериальное и антифунгальное действие изучали методом диффузии из лунок в агар. Результаты. Все исследованные штаммы базидиомицетов проявили антибактериальную активность. Наиболее высокая активность в отношении грамположительных и грамотрицательной бактерий была отмечена у штаммов 3 видов из порядка полипоровых: Fomes fomentarius, F. betulina и F. pinicola. Антифунгальную активность проявили 6 из 10 исследованных культур базидиомицетов. Составленный сравнительный ряд экстрагентов по их эффективности (этилацетат > бутанол > хлороформ) свидетельствовал о преимуществе использования полярных растворителей для извлечения антимикробных метаболитов F. betulina из культуральной жидкости. Заключение. Отобраны перспективные штаммы базидиомицетов — продуцентов антимикробных метаболитов. Среди изученных видов наибольшую активность показали представители порядка Polyporales. Полярные растворители эффективнее извлекали антимикробные метаболиты F. betulina из культуральной жидкости.

Background. Basidiomycetes have high biosynthetic capabilities. Their metabolites are capable of exhibiting antimicrobial properties, thereby being promising molecules for use in medicine or for further chemical transformation. The aim of the work. Evaluation of antibacterial and antifungal properties of culture liquid of basidiomycetes from the orders Agaricales and Polyporales, selection of active strains for further research. Materials and methods. The objects of the study were 10 strains of 10 basidiomycetes species from the orders Agaricales and Polyporales. Filtrates of culture liquids obtained as a result of submerged cultivation of fungi, their ethyl acetate extracts and post-extraction liquids were tested. The culture liquid of Fomitopsis betulina was also extracted with chloroform and butanol. Antibacterial and antifungal effects were studied by diffusion from wells into agar. Results. All the studied strains of basidiomycetes showed antibacterial activity. The highest activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was observed in strains of 3 species from the order Polyporales: Fomes fomentarius, F. betulina and F. pinicola. Antifungal activity was shown by 6 out of 10 studied cultures of basidiomycetes. The comparative series of extractants compiled by their effectiveness (ethyl acetate > butanol > chloroform) testified to the advantage of using polar solvents to extract antimicrobial metabolites of F. betulina from the its culture liquid. Conclusion. Three promising strains of basidiomycetes — producers of antimicrobial metabolites were selected.Among the studied species, representatives of the order Polyporales showed the greatest activity. Polar solvents extracted antimicrobial metabolites of F. betulina from its culture liquid more efficiently than non-polar chloroform. The obtained results demonstrate the ability of basidiomycetes to produce metabolites with antimicrobial properties. It is noted that species of the order Polyporales are more active than representatives of Agaricales.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.