antibioticsАнтибиотики и ХимиотерапияAntibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy0235-2990ООО «Издательство ОКИ»10.37489/0235-2990-2024-69-7-8-67-79antibiotics-1163Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSПатогенетические мишени полисахаридов морских водорослей при неалкогольной жировой болезни печениPathogenetic Targets of Sea Algae Polysaccharides in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseКрыжановскийС. П.KryzhanovskyS. P.

Крыжановский Сергей Петрович — д. м. н., член-корреспондент РАН, научный руководитель Медицинского объединения Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук (МО ДВО РАН)

Владивосток

Sergey P. Kryzhanovsky — D. Sc. in Medicine, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Scientific Director of the Medical Association of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

Vladivostok

ГусеваЛ. Г.GusevaL. G.

Гусева Людмила Григорьевна — главный врач

Владивосток

Lyudmila G. Guseva — Chief Physician

Vladivostok

ДобряковЕ. Ю.DobryakovE. Yu.

Добряков Евгений Юрьевич — к. м. н., заведующий эндоскопическим отделением

Владивосток

Evgeny Yu. Dobryakov — Ph. D. in Medicine, Head of the Endoscopy Department

Vladivostok

ФедянинаЛ. Н.FedyaninaL. N.

Федянина Людмила Николаевна — д. м. н., профессор Департамента фундаментальной медицины

Владивосток

Lyudmila N. Fedyanina — D. Sc. in Medicine, Professor of the Department of Fundamental Medicine

Vladivostok

fedyanina52@mail.ruЗапорожецТ. С.ZaporozhetsT. S.

Запорожец Татьяна Станиславовна — д. м. н., главный научный сотрудник

Владивосток

Tatyana S. Zaporozhets — D. Sc. in Medicine, Chief Researcher

Vladivostok

Медицинское объединение Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наукРоссияMedical Association of the Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationШкола медицины и наук о жизни Дальневосточного Федерального университетаРоссияSchool of Medicine and Life Sciences of the Far Eastern Federal UniversityRussian FederationНИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. П. Сомова РоспотребнадзораРоссияResearch Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology named after G. P. Somov of RospotrebnadzorRussian Federation202422112024697-86779Copyright © Крыжановский С.П., Гусева Л.Г., Добряков Е.Ю., Федянина Л.Н., Запорожец Т.С., 20242024Крыжановский С.П., Гусева Л.Г., Добряков Е.Ю., Федянина Л.Н., Запорожец Т.С.Kryzhanovsky S.P., Guseva L.G., Dobryakov E.Y., Fedyanina L.N., Zaporozhets T.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1163

К настоящему времени в экспериментах in vivo и in vitro, а также в клинических исследованиях выявлено антигиперлипидемическое, противовоспалительное, иммуномодулирующее, антиоксидантное, противодиабетическое, гастро- и гепатопротекторное действие полисахаридов из различных видов водорослей, которые используются в медицинских целях как биологически активные вещества, активные добавки (БАД) к пище, благодаря биосовместимости, малой токсичности (чаще всего токсичности нет), а также способности действовать одновременно на многие патогенетические мишени при соматических и инфекционных заболеваниях. В обзоре представлены новейшие материалы о перспективах использования полисахаридов морских гидробионтов для профилактики и лечения неалкогольной жировой болезни печени, наиболее распространённого хронического заболевания этого органа. Обобщены экспериментальные данные о способности полисахаридов водорослей модулировать чувствительность к инсулину, увеличивать активность β-окисления жирных кислот, снижая липидную нагрузку в печени. Значительную роль в защите печени при НАЖБП играют антиоксидантные и противовоспалительные потенции полисахаридов, а также их действие на микробиоту кишечника. Необходимы дальнейшие исследования для выяснения механизма действия полисахаридов бурых водорослей на клетки печени, определения состава и клинической доступности этих соединений в форме продуктов для водорослей, пищевых добавок и регулируемых терапевтических средств.

To date, in vivo and in vitro experiments, as well as clinical studies, have identified antihyperlipidemic, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, antidiabetic, gastro- and hepatoprotective effects of polysaccharides from various types of algae, which are used for medical purposes as biologically active additives (BAA) to food, due to their biocompatibility, low toxicity (most of them are completely nontoxic), as well as the ability to act simultaneously on many pathogenetic targets in somatic and infectious diseases. The review presents the latest materials on the prospects of using marine polysaccharides for the prevention and treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the most common chronic disease of this organ. Experimental data on the ability of algae polysaccharides to modulate insulin sensitivity, increase the activity of β-oxidation of fatty acids, reducing the lipid load in the liver, are summarized. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potencies of polysaccharides, as well as their effect on the intestinal microbiota, play a significant role in protecting the liver in NAFLD. Further studies are required to clarify the mechanism of action of brown algae polysaccharides on liver cells, to determine the composition and clinical availability of these compounds in the form of algae products, nutritional supplements, and regulated therapeutics.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.