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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/0235-2990-2024-69-11-12-5-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">TXWPUH</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-1200</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Анти-SARS-CoV-2 и иммуномодулирующая активность полисахаридов морских бактерий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Anti-SARS-CoV-2 and Immunomodulatory Activity of Marine Bacteria Polysaccharides</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4505-3627</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смолина</surname><given-names>Т. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolina</surname><given-names>T. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Смолина Татьяна Павловна — к. б. н., ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунобиологических препаратов.</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana P. Smolina — Ph. D. in Biology, Leading Researcher at the Laboratory of Immunobiological Preparations.</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9048-6803</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крылова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krylova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крылова Наталья Владимировна — д. б. н., ведущий научный сотрудник, зав. лабораторией респираторных инфекций.</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalya V. Krylova — D. Sc. in Biology, Leading Researcher, Head of the Laboratory of Respiratory Infections.</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4315-6959</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кузнецова Татьяна Алексеевна — д. м. н., главный научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунобиологических препаратов.</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatyana A. Kuznetsova — D. Sc. in Medicine, Chief Researcher at the Laboratory of Immunobiological Preparations.</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">takuznets@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9525-668X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванушко</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanushko</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иванушко Людмила Александровна — к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунобиологических препаратов.</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ludmila A. Ivanushko — Ph. D. in Medicine, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Immunobiological Preparations.</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2672-1629</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гажа</surname><given-names>А. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gazha</surname><given-names>A. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гажа Анна Константиновна — к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунобиологических препаратов.</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna K. Gazha — Ph. D. in Medicine, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Immunobiological Preparations.</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5686-8672</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Персиянова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Persiyanova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Персиянова Елена Викторовна — к. б. н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории респираторных инфекций.</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena V. Persiyanova — Ph. D. in Biology, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Respiratory Infections.</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-8013-4489</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Майстровская</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maistrovskaya</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Майстровская Ольга Сергеевна — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории респираторных инфекций.</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga S. Maistrovskaya — Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Respiratory Infections.</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-3204-5017</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гапека</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gapeka</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гапека Алёна Викторовна — младший научный сотрудник, отдел экспериментальной биомедицины.</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alena V. Gapeka — Junior Researcher, Department of Experimental Biomedicine.</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8313-5610</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Белов</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Белов Юрий Александрович — младший научный сотрудник, Центр молекулярной диагностики.</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Iurii А. Belov — Junior Researcher, Center of Molecular Diagnostics.</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2245-6802</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кокоулин</surname><given-names>М. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kokoulin</surname><given-names>M. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кокоулин Максим Сергеевич — к. х. н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории морской гликобиологии.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim S. Kokoulin — Ph. D. in Chemistry, Senior Researcher, Laboratory of Marine Glycobiology.</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8610-7623</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щелканов</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchelkanov</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Щелканов Михаил Юрьевич — д. б. н., директор ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. П. Сомова» Роспотребнадзора; заведующий кафедрой эпидемиологии, микробиологии и паразитологии Школы медицины и наук о жизни Дальневосточного федерального университета.</p><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhail Yu. Shchelkanov — D. Sc. in Biology, Director.</p><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г.П. Сомова Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.P. Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Rospotrebnadzor</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Тихоокеанский институт биоорганической химии им. Г.Б. Елякова ДВО РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.B. Elyakov Paciﬁc Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Far-Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Science</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г.П. Сомова Роспотребнадзора; Дальневосточный федеральный университет, Школа медицины и наук о жизни</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.P. Somov Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Rospotrebnadzor; Far Eastern Federal University, School of Medicine and Life Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>11-12</issue><fpage>5</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смолина Т.П., Крылова Н.В., Кузнецова Т.А., Иванушко Л.А., Гажа А.К., Персиянова Е.В., Майстровская О.С., Гапека А.В., Белов Ю.А., Кокоулин М.С., Щелканов М.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смолина Т.П., Крылова Н.В., Кузнецова Т.А., Иванушко Л.А., Гажа А.К., Персиянова Е.В., Майстровская О.С., Гапека А.В., Белов Ю.А., Кокоулин М.С., Щелканов М.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smolina T.P., Krylova N.V., Kuznetsova T.A., Ivanushko L.A., Gazha A.K., Persiyanova E.V., Maistrovskaya O.S., Gapeka A.V., Belov I.A., Kokoulin M.S., Shchelkanov M.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1200">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1200</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. В настоящее время проводятся интенсивные исследования по поиску новых препаратов для лечения COVID-19, включая изыскание альтернативных противовирусных методов лечения. Полисахариды морских бактерий (ПС) представляют собой безопасные, биоразлагаемые и биосовместимые полимеры с широким спектром биологической активности, в числе которой способность оказывать противовирусные и иммуномодулирующие эффекты. В связи с этим ПС привлекают пристальное внимание учёных как перспективный источник противовирусных лекарственных субстанций.</p><p>Цель — оценка влияния ПС из 3 разных видов морских бактерий на экспрессию поверхностных маркеров активации клеток врождённого иммунитета и изучение противовирусной активности этих ПС в отношении вируса SARS-CoV-2.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Влияние ПС на экспрессию поверхностных маркеров активации клеток врождённого иммунитета исследовали методом проточной цитофлуориметрии. Изучение анти-SARS-CoV-2 активности ПС в отношении ранней стадии жизненного цикла вируса изучали методом ингибирования цитопатогенного действия вируса (в МТТ-тесте) и методом полимеразной цепной реакции в режиме реального времени с обратной транскрипцией (ОТ-ПЦР-РВ).</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Установлено, что исследуемые ПС из морских бактерий, различающиеся по химической структуре, в условиях in vitro активируют клетки врождённого иммунитета (моноциты, нейтрофилы, NK-клетки). Результаты, полученные как в тесте ингибирования цитопатогенного действия вируса, так и по снижению уровня РНК вируса SARS-CoV-2 продемонстрировали анти-SARS-CoV-2 активность исследуемых ПС. Наибольшую активность проявил ПС1, эффективно ингибируя ранние стадии взаимодействия SARS-CoV-2 с клеткой.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Исследуемые ПС можно считать перспективным источником противовирусных лекарственных субстанций.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>Background. Intensive research is currently underway to ﬁnd new drugs to treat COVID-19, including the search for alternative antiviral treatments. Marine bacteria polysaccharides (PSs) are safe, biodegradable, and biocompatible polymers with a wide range of biological activity, including the ability to exert antiviral and immunomodulatory eﬀects. In this regard, PSs attract the close attention of scientists as a promising source of antiviral medicinal substances.</p><p>The aim of the work is to evaluate the eﬀect of PSs from 3 diﬀerent species of marine bacteria on the expression of surface activation markers of innate immunity cells and to study their antiviral activity against the SARS-CoV-2 virus.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. The eﬀect of PSs on the expression of surface activation markers of innate immunity cells was studied by ﬂow cytoﬂuorometry. The study of the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of the PSs at the early stages of the virus life cycle was evaluated by inhibiting the cytopathogenic eﬀect of the virus (in the MTT assay) and by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR-RV).</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. It was found that the studied PSs, diﬀering in chemical structure, induced activation of innate immunity cells (monocytes, neutrophils, NK cells) in vitro. The results obtained both in the test of inhibition of the cytopathogenic eﬀect of the virus and in reducing the level of RNA of the SARS-CoV-2 virus demonstrated the anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity of the PSs. PS1 showed the greatest activity, eﬀectively inhibiting the early stages of SARS-CoV-2 interaction with the cell. Conclusion. The studied PSs can be considered a promising source of antiviral medicinal substances.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>полисахариды морских бактерий</kwd><kwd>иммуномодуляторы</kwd><kwd>клетки врождённого иммунитета</kwd><kwd>нейтрофилы</kwd><kwd>моноциты</kwd><kwd>NK-клетки</kwd><kwd>анти-SARS-CoV-2 активность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>polysaccharides of marine bacteria</kwd><kwd>immunomodulators</kwd><kwd>innate immune cells</kwd><kwd>neutrophils</kwd><kwd>monocytes</kwd><kwd>NK cells</kwd><kwd>anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках Государственного задания НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. П. Сомова Роспотребнадзора № 141-00089-21-00 на 2021–2025 гг. и Государственного задания Тихоокеанского института биоорганической химии им. Г. Б. 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