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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/0235-2990-2024-69-11-12-85-92</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">SRKNBR</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-1210</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биоплёнки и методы их воспроизведения в эксперименте</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Biofilms and Methods of Their Reproduction in the Experiment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8607-2395</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Даудова</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Daudova</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Даудова Адиля Джигангировна — к. м. н., доцент кафедры микробиологии и вирусологии.</p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Adilya D. Daudova — Ph. D. in Medicine, Associate Professor of the Department of Microbiology and Virology.</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0428-2570</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Демина</surname><given-names>Ю. З.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demina</surname><given-names>Yu. Z.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Демина Юлия Заурбековна — старший преподаватель кафедры микробиологии и вирусологии.</p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuliya Z. Demina — Senior lecturer of the Department of Microbiology and Virology.</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2904-9276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рубальский</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rubalsky</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рубальский Олег Васильевич — д. м. н., профессор, заведующий кафедрой микробиологии и вирусологии.</p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Oleg V. Rubalsky — D. Sc. in Medicine, Professor, Head of the Department of Microbiology and Virology.</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2998-2864</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ясенявская</surname><given-names>А. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yasenyavskaya</surname><given-names>A. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ясенявская Анна Леонидовна — к. м. н., доцент, руководитель Научно-исследовательского центра, доцент кафедры фармакогнозии, фармацевтической технологии и биотехнологии.</p><p>Астрахань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna L. Yasenyavskaya — Ph. D. in Medicine, Associate Professor, Head of the Research Center, Associate Professor of the Department of Pharmacognosy, Pharmaceutical Technology and Biotechnology.</p><p>Astrakhan</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yasen_9@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Астраханский государственный медицинский университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Astrakhan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>12</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>69</volume><issue>11-12</issue><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>92</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Даудова А.Д., Демина Ю.З., Рубальский О.В., Ясенявская А.Л., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Даудова А.Д., Демина Ю.З., Рубальский О.В., Ясенявская А.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Daudova A.D., Demina Y.Z., Rubalsky O.V., Yasenyavskaya A.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1210">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1210</self-uri><abstract><p>С момента выделения чистой культуры возбудителя Р. Кохом и формулировки им постулатов, отражающих роль микроорганизма в развитии инфекционных заболеваний, основным объектом исследования являлись и до настоящего времени остаются в большинстве случаев изолированные бактерии, их морфологические, биохимические, генетические свойства. В отношении планктонных, свободных клеток изучаются также фармакокинетические и фармакодинамические свойства соединений с потенциальной антибактериальной активностью. В последние годы по мере накопления знаний и обнаружения новых инфекций и состояний, в которых участвуют особым образом организованные сообщества микробов — биоплёнки, меняется подход к диагностике и терапии инфекционных заболеваний, особенно с хроническим течением. В связи с этим совершенствование, разработка новых репрезентативных моделей микробных консорциумов как in vitro, так и in vivo чрезвычайно актуальны. Вкупе с современными методами исследования это позволит углубить познания в области закономерностей формирования, построения, функционирования микробного мира в определённой экологической нише, отработать инновационные подходы к терапии биоплёночных инфекций, обнаружить новые таргетные точки воздействия антимикробных препаратов в отношении не отдельных бактерий, а многогранного микробного консорциума. В обзоре представлены основные подходы к воспроизведению биоплёночных инфекций в эксперименте в условиях in vitro и in vivo, их преимущества, недостатки и возможные перспективы повышения релевантности и валидности моделей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Isolated bacteria, their morphological, biochemical, and genetic properties are, to this day, the main object of research since the isolation of a pure culture of the pathogen by R. Koch and his formulation of the postulates reflecting the role of the microorganism in the development of infectious diseases. The pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of compounds with potential antibacterial activity are also studied in relation to planktonic, free cells. In recent years, as knowledge accumulates and new infections and conditions involving specially organized microbial communities — biofilms — are discovered, the approach to the diagnosis and treatment of infectious diseases, especially those with a chronic course, is changing. In this regard, the improvement and development of new representative models of microbial consortia both in vitro and in vivo are extremely relevant. Along with modern research methods, this will allow us to deepen our knowledge of the patterns of formation, construction, and functioning of the microbial world in a specific ecological niche, to develop innovative approaches to the treatment of biofilm infections, and to discover new target points for the action of antimicrobial drugs, directed at a multifaceted microbial consortium instead of individual bacteria. The review presents the main approaches to reproducing biofilm infections in vitro and in vivo experiments, highlighting their advantages, disadvantages, and possible prospects for increasing the relevance and validity of the models.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>биоплёнка</kwd><kwd>бактерии</kwd><kwd>методы исследования биоплёнки</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>biofilms</kwd><kwd>bacteria</kwd><kwd>biofilm research methods</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации в части проведения НИР по теме «Разработка композиций для персонализированной антибактериальной терапии на основе вирулентных стафилококковых бактериофагов с контролируемой литической активностью»</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Голиков А. 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