References

antibiotics

Антибиотики и Химиотерапия

Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy

0235-2990

ООО «Издательство ОКИ»

10.37489/0235-2990-2024-69-11-12-93-100

FTYMQR

antibiotics-1211

Research Article

ОБЗОРЫ

REVIEWS

Acinetobacter baumannii: механизмы антимикробной резистентности

Acinetobacter baumannii: Mechanisms of Antimicrobial Resistance

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1000-2240

Баранцевич

Н. Е.

Barantsevich

N. E.

Баранцевич Наталья Евгеньевна — eLIBRARY: SPIN-код: 3914-4499. AuthorID: 785835. Scopus Author ID: 55880381000.

Санкт-Петербург

Natalia E. Barantsevich — eLIBRARY: SPIN-code: 39144499. AuthorID: 785835. Scopus Author ID: 55880381000.

Saint-Petersburg

Иванова

Л. В.

Ivanova

L. V.

Иванова Лариса Викторовна — eLIBRARY: AuthorID: 934298.

Санкт-Петербург

Larisa V. Ivanova — eLIBRARY: SPIN-code: 934298.

SaintPetersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4800-3345

Баранцевич

Е. П.

Barantsevich

E. P.

Баранцевич Елена Петровна — д. м. н., заведующая научно-исследовательским отделом микробиологии и внутрибольничных инфекций, eLIBRARY: SPIN-код: 3534-1010. AuthorID: 268934. Scopus Author ID: 6601955793. WOS Research ID S-1455-2016.

Санкт-Петербург

Elena P. Barantsevich — D. Sc. in Medicine, Head of the Research Department of Microbiology and Nosocomial Infections, eLIBRARY: SPIN-code: 3534-1010. AuthorID: 268934. Scopus Author ID: 6601955793. WOS Research ID S-1455-2016.

Saint-Petersburg

lenabara2003@inbox.ru

ФГБУ «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В.А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияAlmazov National Medical Research CentreRussian Federation

2024

25122024

6911-1293100

2025

Баранцевич Н.Е., Иванова Л.В., Баранцевич Е.П.

Barantsevich N.E., Ivanova L.V., Barantsevich E.P.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1211

Грамотрицательные неферментирующие бактерии Acinetobacter baumannii являются частой причиной тяжёлых осложнений (пневмония, бактериемия, сепсис) в клинике внутренних болезней, особенно у пациентов с ослабленным иммунитетом: 3,2% случаев бактериемии и сепсиса обусловлены A. baumannii, летальность составляет 26–91%. A. baumannii обладает способностью быстро приобретать устойчивость к антимикробным препаратам. За последние десятилетия появились штаммы с множественной резистентностью к антимикробным препаратам, в том числе к бета-лактамам, включая карбапенемы, аминогликозидам, фторхинолонам — препаратам выбора при лечении тяжёлых госпитальных инфекций, обусловленных грамотрицательными микроорганизмами. В мире около 45% изолятов A. baumannii обладают множественной лекарственной устойчивостью, на Ближнем Востоке, в Южной Европе и Северной Африке мультирезистентность достигает 90%, в Китае — 60%. Распространённость полирезистентных штаммов A. baumannii у пациентов с внутрибольничной пневмонией, связанной с искусственной вентиляцией лёгких, оценивается в 80%. Основные механизмы антимикробной резистентности возбудителя — нарушение проницаемости клеточной стенки для антибиотиков в результате модификации пориновых белков, активация систем эффлюксной помпы, продукция ферментов, разрушающих антибактериальные препараты, образование биоплёнки. В обзоре рассматриваются молекулярные основы формирования резистентности к антибактериальным препаратам у A. baumannii.

Gram-negative non-fermenting bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii are a common cause of severe complications (pneumonia, bacteremia, sepsis) in the clinic of internal diseases, especially in patients with weakened immune system: 3,2% of bacteremia and sepsis cases are associated with A. baumannii, with mortality rate 26–91%. A. baumannii has the ability to rapidly acquire antimicrobial resistance. In recent decades, strains with multiple resistance to antimicrobial drugs have emerged, including beta-lactams, including carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones, which are the drugs of choice in the treatment of severe hospital infections caused by Gram-negative microorganisms. Globally, about 45% of A. baumannii isolates are multidrug-resistant, with multidrug resistance reaching 90% in the Middle East, Southern Europe, and North Africa, and 60% in China. The prevalence of polyresistant strains of A. baumannii in patients with nosocomial pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation is estimated at 80%. The main mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance of the pathogen are impaired permeability of the cell wall to antibiotics as a result of modification of porin proteins, activation of eﬄux pump systems, production of enzymes that destroy antibacterial drugs, and biofilm formation. The review examines the molecular basis of the formation of resistance to antibacterial drugs in A. baumannii.

устойчивостькарбапенемыаминогликозидыфторхинолоныантибиотикитигециклинполимиксинсульбактамлетальностьсистемы эффлюкса

resistancecarbapenemsaminoglycosidesfluoroquinolonesantibioticstigecyclinepolymyxinsulbactammortalityeﬄux systems

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.