References

antibiotics

Антибиотики и Химиотерапия

Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy

0235-2990

ООО «Издательство ОКИ»

10.37489/0235-2990-2024-69-11-12-127-135

NGHLKV

antibiotics-1215

Research Article

ОБЗОРЫ

REVIEWS

Коморбидные инфекции при спондилоартритах: современное состояние проблемы

Comorbid Infections in Spondyloarthritis: the Current State of the Problem

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5264-337X

Баранова

М. М.

Baranova

M. M.

Баранова Марина Михайловна — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории коморбидных инфекций и вакцинопрофилактики, ResearcherID: JDD0658-2023, Scopus Author ID: 57222430929.

Москва

Marina M. Baranova — Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Comorbid Infections and Vaccine Prevention, ResearcherID: JDD-0658-2023, Scopus Author ID: 57222430929.

Moscow

baranovamarina103@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4327-6720

Муравьева

Н. В.

Muravyeva

N. V.

Муравьева Наталья Валерьевна — к. м. н., старший научный сотрудник лаборатории коморбидных инфекций и вакцинопрофилактики, ResearcherID: AAF-4853-2021. eLIBRARY SPIN-код: 8418-4469. Scopus Author ID: 57210263706.

Москва

Natalia V. Muravyeva — Ph. D. in Medicine, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Comorbid Infections and Vaccine Prevention, ResearcherID: AAF-4853-2021. eLIBRARY SPIN-code: 8418-4469. Scopus Author ID: 57210263706.

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7091-2054

Белов

Б. С.

Belov

B. S.

Белов Борис Сергеевич — д. м. н., заведующий лабораторией коморбидных инфекций и вакцинопрофилактики, ResearcherID: ABD-2219-2020. eLIBRARY SPIN-код: 3298-4315. Scopus Author ID: 7004592537.

Москва

Boris S. Belov — D. Sc. in MEdicine Head of the Laboratory of Comorbid Infections and Vaccine Prevention, ResearcherID: ABD-2219-2020. eLIBRARY SPIN-code: 3298-4315. Scopus Author ID: 7004592537.

Moscow

ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревмлогии им. В.А. Насоновой»РоссияV.A. Nasonova Research Institute of RheumatologyRussian Federation

2024

25122025

6911-12127135

2025

Баранова М.М., Муравьева Н.В., Белов Б.С.

Baranova M.M., Muravyeva N.V., Belov B.S.

Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1215

Коморбидные инфекции (КИ) при иммуновоспалительных ревматических заболеваниях (ИВРЗ) связаны со значительной заболеваемостью и смертностью и, кроме того, сопряжены со значительными затратами в системе здравоохранения из-за необходимости дополнительного лечения и госпитализации. Развитие КИ требует временной отмены проводимой иммуносупрессивной терапии, что может приводить к обострению ИВРЗ. Существует тесная взаимосвязь между ИВРЗ и риском возникновения КИ. Причины этого многофакторны и связаны как непосредственно с самим заболеванием, так и с проводимой терапией. Особый интерес представляет изучение частоты, структуры и факторов риска КИ у больных спондилоартритами (СпА), в частности, анкилозирующим спондилитом (АС) и псориатическим артритом (ПсА), особенно в аспекте нарастающего использования генноинженерных биологических препаратов (ГИБП) и таргетных синтетических базисных противовоспалительных препаратов (тсБПВП), а также противоречивых в некоторой степени данных литературы.

Comorbid infections (CI) in immuno-inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IIRDs) are associated with significant morbidity and mortality and, in addition, involve significant costs in the health care system due to the need for additional treatment and hospitalization. The development of CI requires the temporary cancellation of ongoing immunosuppressive therapy, which can lead to an exacerbation of IIRD. High activity of rheumatic disease and treatment with immunosuppressive drugs may increase the risk of CI. Of particular interest is the study of the frequency, structure and risk factors in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA) — ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), especially in the aspect of the increasing use of biologics or targeted (b/tsDMARD) modifying disease agents and contradictory literature data.

коморбидные инфекцииспондилоартританкилозирующий спондилитпсориатический артритгенно-инженерные биологические препараты

Comorbid infectionsspondyloarthritisankylosing spondylitispsoriatic arthritisbiologics modifying disease agents

Исследование выполнено в рамках научно-исследовательской работы ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт ревматологии им. В. А. Насоновой», № государственного задания 1021051503137-7

References1

Эрдес Ш. Ф., Ребров А. П., Дубинина Т. В. и др. Спондилоартриты: современная терминология и определения. Терапевтический архив. 2019; 91 (5): 84–88. doi: https://doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2019.05.000208.

Erdes Sh. F., Rebrov A. P., Dubinina T. V., et al. Spondyloarthritis: modern terminology and definitions. Therapeutic Archive. 2019; 91 (5): 84–88.] doi: https://doi.org/10.26442/00403660.2019.05.000208. (in Russian)

Haroon N., Inman R. D., Learch T. J. et al. The impact of tumor necrosis factor alpha inhibi-tors on radiographic progression in ankylosing spondylitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2013, 65: 2645–2654. doi: 10.1002/art.38070.

Barkham N., Keen H. I., Coates L. C. et al. Clinical and imaging eﬃcacy of inflixi-mab in HLA-B27-positive patients with magnetic resonance imaging-determined early sacroiliitis. Arthritis Rheum. 2009, 60: 946–954. doi: 10.1002/art.24408.

Baillet A., Gossec L., Carmona L. et al. Points to consider for reporting, screening for and preventing selected comorbidities in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases in daily practice: a EULAR initiative. Ann Rheum Dis. 2016; 75 (6): 965–973. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-209233.

Белов Б. С., Тарасова Г. М., Буханова Д. В. Коморбидные инфекции при ревматических заболеваниях. Антибиотики и химиотер. 2019; 64 (1–2): 50–57. doi: https://doi.org/10.24411/0235W2990W2019W10009. (in Russian)

Belov B. S., Tarasova G. M., Bukhanova D. V. Comorbid infections in rheumatic diseases. Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy. 2019; 64 (1–2): 50–57. doi: https://doi.org/10.24411/0235W2990W2019W10009. (in Russian)

Лапшина С. А., Дубинина Т. В., Бадокин В. В. и др. Ингибиторы фактора некроза опухоли α в лечении аксиальных спондилоартритов (включая анкилозирующий спондилит). Научно-практическая ревматология. 2016; 54 (Приложение 1): 75–79. doi: https://doi.org/10.14412/19954484-2016-1S-75-79.

Lapshina S. A., Dubinina T. V., Badokin V. V. et al. Tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors in the treatment of axial spondy-loarthritis, including ankylosing spondylitis. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologiya = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2016; 54 (Suppl. 1): 75–79.] doi: https://doi.org/10.14412/19954484-2016-1S-75-79.

Aureal M., Seauve M., Laplane S. et al. Incidence of infections in patients with psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis treated with biological or targeted disease-modifying agents: a systematic review and metaanalysis of randomised controlled trials, open-label studies and obser- vational studies. RMD Open. 2023; 9: e003064. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen2023-003064.

Atzeni F., Sarzi-Puttini P., Sebastiani M. et al. Rate of serious infections in spondyloarthropathy patients treated with anti-tumour necrosis factor drugs: a survey from the Italian registry GISEA. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2019; 37 (4): 649–655.

Burmester G. R., Gordon K. B., Rosenbaum J. T. et al. Long-term safety of adalimumab in 29,967 adult patients from global clinical trials across multiple indications: an updated analysis. Adv Ther. 2020; 37 (1): 364–380. doi: 10.1007/s12325-019-01145-8.

Aureal M., Seauve M., Laplane S. et al. Incidence of infections in patients with psoriatic arthritis and axial spondyloarthritis treated with biological or targeted disease-modifying agents: a systematic review and metaanalysis of randomised controlled trials, open-label studies and observational studies. RMD Open. 2023; 9 (3): e003064. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen2023-003064.

Deodhar A., Mease P. J., McInnes I. B. et al. Long-term safety of secukinumab in patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis: integrated pooled clinical trial and postmarketing surveillance data. Arthritis Res Ther. 2019; 21 (1): 111. doi: 10.1186/s13075-019-1882-2.

Combe B., Rahman P., Kameda H. et al. Safety results of ixekizumab with 1822.2 patient-years of exposure: an integrated analysis of 3 clinical trials in adult patients with psoriatic arthritis. Ar-thritis Res Ther. 2020; 22 (1): 14. doi: 10.1186/s13075-020-2099-0.

Ghosh S., Gensler L. S., Yang Z. et al. Ustekinumab safety in psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and crohn's disease: an integrated analysis of phase II/III clinical development programs. Drug Saf. 2019; 42 (6): 751–768. doi: 10.1007/s40264-019-00797-3.

Ritchlin C. T., Stahle M., Poulin Y., Bagel J., Chakravarty S. D., Kafka S., Srivastava B., Langholff W., Gottlieb A. B. Serious infections in patients with self-reported psoriatic arthritis from the Psoriasis Longitudinal Assessment and Registry (PSOLAR) treated with biologics. BMC Rheumatol. 2019; 3: 52. doi: 10.1186/s41927-019-0094-3.

Li X., Andersen K. M., Chang H. Y., Curtis J. R., Alexander G. C. Comparative risk of serious infections among real-world users of biologics for psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020; 79 (2): 285–291. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-216102.

Quartuccio L., Zabotti A., Del Zotto S. et al. Risk of serious infection among patients receiving biologics for chronic inflammatory diseases: Usefulness of administrative data. J Adv Res. 2018; 15: 87–93. doi: 10.1016/j.jare.2018.09.003.

Баранова М. М., Муравьева Н. В., Белов Б. С., Коротаева Т. В., Глухова С. И. Коморбидные инфекции у больных спондилоартритами: частота, структура, факторы риска. Современная ревматология. 2023; 17 (4): 64–70. doi: https://doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2023-4-64-70.

Baranova M. M., Muravyeva N. V., Belov B. S., Korotaeva T. V., Glukhova S. I. Comorbid infections in patients with spondyloarthritis: frequency, structure and risk factors. Sovremennaya Revmatologiya = Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2023; 17 (4): 64= 70. doi: https://doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2023-4-64-70. (in Russian)

Lee S. K., Kim S. Y., Kim E. Y. et al. Mycobacterial infections in patients treated with tumor necrosis factor antagonists in South Korea. Lung. 2013; 191 (5): 565–71. doi: 10.1007/s00408-013-9481-5.

Murdaca G., Negrini S., Pellecchio M. et al. Update upon the infection risk in patients receiving TNF alpha inhibitors. Expert Opin Drug Saf. 2019; 18 (3): 219–229. doi: 10.1080/14740338.2019.1577817.

Aydin V., Akici A., Isli F. et al. Relative risk of tuberculosis in pa-tients with rheumatic diseases managed with anti-tumour necrosis factoralpha therapy: A nationwide cohort study. J Clin Pharm Ther. 2019; 44 (4): 553–560. doi: 10.1111/jcpt.12814.

Lin T. C., Yoshida K., Tedeschi S. K. et al. Risk of hepatitis b virus reactivation in patients with inflammatory arthritis receiving diseasemodifying antirheumatic drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2018; 70 (5): 724–731. doi: 10.1002/acr.23346.

Blumen Wroński J., Fiedor P. The safety profile of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors in ankylosing spondylitis: are TNF inhibitors safer than we thought? J Clin Pharmacol. 2019; 59 (4): 445–462. doi: 10.1002/jcph.1348.

Fragoulis G. E., Dey M., Zhao S. et al. Systematic literature review informing the 2022 EULAR recommendations for screening and prophylaxis of chronic and opportunistic infections in adults with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases. RMD Open. 2022; 8 (2): e002726. doi: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002726.

Hagberg K. W., Persson R., Vasilakis-Scaramozza C. et al. Herpes Zoster, Hepatitis C, and tuberculosis risk with apremilast compared to biologics, DMARDs and corticosteroids to treat psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Clin Epidemiol. 2020; 12: 153–161. doi: 10.2147/CLEP.S239511.

Deodhar A., van der Heijde D., Gensler L. S. et al. COAST-X Study Group. Ixekizumab for patients with non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (COAST-X): a randomised, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2020; 395 (10217): 53–64. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)32971-X.

Wang P., Zhang S., Hu B. et al. Eﬃcacy and safety of interleukin-17A inhibitors in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Rheumatol. 2021; 40 (8): 3053–3065. doi: 10.1007/s10067-020-05545-y.

Yin Y., Wang M., Liu M. et al. Eﬃcacy and safety of IL-17 inhibitors for the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis: a systematic re-view and metaanalysis. Arthritis Res Ther. 2020; 22 (1): 111. doi: 10.1186/s13075-02002208-w.

Коротаева Т. В., Мазуров В. И., Лила А. М. и др. Эффективность и безопасность нетакимаба у пациентов с псориатическим артритом: результаты клинического исследования III фазы PATERA. Научнопрактическая ревматология. 2020; 58 (5): 480–488. doi: https://doi.org/10.47360/1995-4484-2020-480-488.

Korotaeva T. V., Mazurov V. I., Lila A. M. et al. Eﬃcacy and safety of ne-takimab in patients with psoriatic arthritis: results of the phase III PATERA clinical study. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologiya = Rheumatology Science and Practice 2020; 58 (5): 480–488. doi: https://doi.org/10.47360/1995-4484-2020-480-488. (in Russian)

Коротаева Т. В., Мазуров В. И., Лила А. М. и др. Нетакимаб для лечения псориатического артрита: результаты 3 лет исследования фазы III BCD-085-8/PATERA. Современная ревматология. 2024; 18 (4): 33–42. doi: https://doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2024-4-33-42.

Korotaeva T. V., Mazurov V. I., Lila A. M., et al. Netakimab for the treatment of psoriatic arthritis: 3-year results of the phase III BCD-085-8/PATERA study. Sovremennaya Revmatologiya = Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2024; 18 (4): 33–42.]. doi: https://doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2024-4-33-42. (in Russian)

McInnes I.B., Mease P. J., Kirkham B. et al. FUTURE 2 Study Group. Secukinumab, a human anti-interleukin-17A monoclonal antibody, in patients with psoriatic arthritis (FUTURE 2): a randomised, double-blind, placebocontrolled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2015; 386 (9999): 1137–46. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)61134-5.

Saunte D. M., Mrowietz U., Puig L., Zachariae C. Candida infections in patients with psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis treated with interleukin17 inhibitors and their practical management. Br J Dermatol. 2017; 177 (1) : 47–62. doi: 10.1111/bjd.15015.

Winthrop K. L., Mariette X., Silva J. T. et al. ESCMID Study Group for Infections in Compromised Hosts (ESGICH) Consensus Document on the safety of targeted and biological therapies: an infectious diseases perspective (Soluble immune effector molecules [II]: agents targeting interleukins, immunoglobulins and complement factors). Clin Microbiol Infect. 2018; 24 Suppl 2: S21–S40. doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2018.02.002.

McKeage K. Ustekinumab: a review of its use in psoriatic arthritis. Drugs. 2014; 74 (9): 1029–39. doi: 10.1007/s40265-014-0242-4.

Mease P. J., Rahman P., Gottlieb A. B. et al. DISCOVER-2 Study Group. Guselkumab in biologic-naive patients with active psoriatic arthritis (DISCOVER2): a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2020; 395 (10230): 1126–1136. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30263-4.

McInnes I.B., Rahman P., Gottlieb A. B. et al. Eﬃcacy and safety of Guselkumab, a monoclonal antibody specific to the p19 Subunit of Interleukin-23, through two years: results from a phase iii, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study conducted in biologic-naive patients with active psoriatic arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2022; 74 (3): 475–485. doi: 10.1002/art.42010.

Лукина Г. В., Борисов С. Е. Скрининг и мониторинг туберкулёзной инфекции у больных ревматическими заболеваниями, получающими генно-инженерные биологические препараты. Насонов Е. Л. (редактор). Российские клинические рекомендации. Ревматология. Москва: ГЭОТАР-Медиа; 2017; 394–410.

Lukina G. V., Borisov S. E. Screening and monitoring of tuberculosis infection in patients with rheumatic diseases receiving genetically engineered biological drugs. In: Nasonov E. L. (ed.). Rossiiskie Klinicheskie Rekomendatsii. Revmatologiya. Russian Clinical Guidelines. Rheumatology]. Moscow: GEOTAR-Media; 2017; 394–410]. (in Russian)

Насонов Е. Л., Коротаева Т. В. Ингибиторы Янус-киназ при иммуновоспалительных заболеваниях: 10 лет клинической практики в ревматологии. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2022; 60 (2): 131–148. doi: https://doi.org/10.47360/1995-4484-2022-131-148.

Nasonov E. L., Korotaeva T. V. Janus kinase inhibitors in immunoinflammatory diseases: 10 years of clinical practice in rheumatology. Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2022; 60 (2): 131–148. doi: https://doi.org/10.47360/1995-4484-2022-131-148. (in Russian)

Keeling S., Maksymowych W. P. JAK inhibitors, psoriatic arthritis, and axial spondyloarthritis: a critical review of clinical trials. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2021; 17 (7): 701–715. doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2021.1925541.

Mease P., Coates L. C., Helliwell P. S. et al. Eﬃcacy and safety of filgotinib, a selective Janus kinase 1 inhibitor, in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (EQUATOR): results from a randomised, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial. Lancet. 2018 Dec 1; 392 (10162): 2367–2377. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32483-8. Epub 2018 Oct 22. PMID: 30360969.

Almanzar G., Kienle F., Schmalzing M. et al. Tofacitinib modulates the VZV-specific CD4+ T cell immune response in vitro in lymphocytes of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2019; 58 (11): 2051–2060. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez175.

Atzeni F., Talotta R., Nucera V. et al. Adverse events, clinical considerations and management recommendations in rheumatoid arthritis patients treated with JAK inhibitors. Expert Rev Clin Immunol. 2018; 14 (11): 945–956. doi: 10.1080/1744666X.2018.1504678.

Burmester G. R., Curtis J. R., Yun H. et al. An integrated analysis of the safety of Tofacitinib in psoriatic arthritis across phase III and long-term extension studies with comparison to real-world observational data. Drug Saf. 2020; 43 (4): 379–392. doi: 10.1007/s40264-020-00904-9.

Burmester G. R., Winthrop K., Blanco R. et al. Safety profile of Upadacitinib up to 3 years in psoriatic arthritis: an integrated analysis of two pivotal phase 3 trials. Rheumatol Ther. 2022; 9 (2): 521–539. doi: 10.1007/s40744021-00410-z.

Baumrin E., Van Voorhees A., Garg A. et al. A systematic review of herpes zoster incidence and consensus recommendations on vaccination in adult patients on systemic therapy for psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis: From the Medical Board of the National Psoriasis Foundation. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2019; 81 (1): 102–110. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2019.03.017.

Haber S. L., Hamilton S., Bank M. et al. Apremilast: a novel drug for treatment of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Ann Pharmacother. 2016; 50 (4): 282–90. doi: 10.1177/1060028015627467.

Nash P., Ohson K., Walsh J. et al. Early and sustained eﬃcacy with apremilast monotherapy in biological-naïve patients with psoriatic arthritis: a phase IIIB, randomised controlled trial (ACTIVE). Ann Rheum Dis. 2018; 77 (5): 690–698. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-211568.

Wells A. F., Edwards C. J., Kivitz A. J. et al. Apremilast monotherapy in DMARD-naive psoriatic arthritis patients: results of the randomized, placebo-controlled PALACE 4 trial. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2018; 57 (7): 1253–1263. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/key032.

Keating G. M. Apremilast: a review in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Drugs. 2017; 77 (4): 459–472. doi: 10.1007/s40265-017-0709-1.

Germano V., Cattaruzza M. S., Osborn J. et al. Infection risk in rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthropathy patients under treatment with DMARDs, corticosteroids and TNF-α antagonists. J Transl Med. 2014; 12: 77. doi: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-77.

Fouque-Aubert A., Jette-Paulin L., Combescure C. et al. Serious infections in patients with ankylosing spondylitis with and without TNF blockers: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo-controlled trials. Ann Rheum Dis. 2010; 69 (10): 1756–61. doi: 10.1136/ard.2008.098822.

Wang S., He Q., Shuai Z. Risk of serious infections in biological treatment of patients with ankylosing spondylitis and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: a meta-analysis. Clin Rheumatol. 2018; 37 (2): 439–450. doi: 10.1007/s10067-017-3966-1.

Xu Z., Xu P., Fan W. et al. Risk of infection in patients with spondyloarthritis and ankylosing spondylitis receiving antitumor necrosis factor therapy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Exp Ther Med. 2017; 14 (4): 3491–3500. doi: 10.3892/etm.2017.5003.

Moura C. S., Rahme E., Maksymowych W. P. et al. Use of disease-modifying anti-rheumatic or anti-tumour necrosis factor drugs and risk of hospitalized infection in ankylosing spondylitis. Scand J Rheumatol. 2019; 48 (2) : 121–127. doi: 10.1080/03009742.2018.1470253.

Wallis D., Thavaneswaran A., Haroon N. et al. Tumour necrosis factor in-hibitor therapy and infection risk in axial spondyloarthritis: results from a longitudinal observational cohort. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2015; 54 (1): 152–6. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/keu255.

Lim D. H., Kim Y. J., Kim S. O. et al. The risk of herpes zoster in patients with ankylosing spondylitis: Analysis of the Korean National Health Insurance Service — Sample cohort database. Mod Rheumatol. 2018; 28 (1): 168–173. doi: 10.1080/14397595.2017.1325034.

Takeshita J., Grewal S., Langan S. M. et al. Psoriasis and comorbid diseases: Implications for management. J Am Acad Dermatol. 2017; 76 (3) : 393–403. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2016.07.065.

Britanova O. V., Lupyr K. R., Staroverov D. B. et al. Targeted depletion of TRBV9+ T cells as immunotherapy in a patient with ankylosing spondylitis. Nat Med. 2023; 29 (11): 2731–2736. doi: 10.1038/s41591-023-02613-z.

Насонов Е. Л., Мазуров В. И., Лила А. М. и др. Эффективность и безопасность препарата BCD-180, моноклонального антитела к TRBV9+ T-лимфоцитам, у пациентов с активным рентгенологическим аксиальным спондилоартритом: результаты 36 недель рандомизированного двойного слепого плацебо-контролируемого клинического исследования фазы 2 ELEFTA. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2024; 62 (1): 65–80. doi: https://doi.org/10.47360/1995-44842024-65-80.

Nasonov E. L., Mazurov V. I., Lila A. M. et al. Effectiveness and safety of BCD180, anti-TRBV9+ T-lymphocytes monoclonal antibody in patients with active radiographic axial spondyloarthritis: 36-week results of double-blind randomized placebo-controlled phase II clinical study ELEFTA. Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2024; 62 (1): 65–80. doi: https://doi.org/10.47360/1995-4484-2024-65-80. (in Russian)

WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) Dashboard/https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019.

Белов Б. С., Каратеев А. Е. COVID-19: новый вызов ревматологам. Современная ревматология. 2020; 14 (2): 110–116. doi: https://doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2020-2-110-116.

Belov B. S., Karateev A. E. COVID-19: the new challenge for rheumatologists. Sovremennaya Revmatologiya = Modern Rheumatology Journal. 2020; 14 (2): 110–116.]. doi: https://doi.org/10.14412/1996-7012-2020-2-110-116. (in Russian)

Gianfrancesco M., Hyrich K. L., Al-Adely S. et al. COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance. Characteristics associated with hospitalisation for COVID-19 in people with rheumatic disease: data from the COVID-19 Global Rheumatology Alliance physician-reported registry. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020; 79 (7): 859–866. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-217871.

Raiker R., Pakhchanian H., Kavadichanda C. et al. Axial spondyloarthritis may protect against poor outcomes in COVID-19: propensity score matched analysis of 9766 patients from a nationwide multi-centric research network. Clin Rheumatol. 2022; 41 (3): 721–730. doi: 10.1007/s10067-021-05979-y.

Куликов А. Н., Муравьева Н. В., Белов Б. С. Факторы риска тяжелого течения COVID-19 у больных ревматическими заболеваниями. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2024; 62 (1): 24–31. doi: https://doi.org/10.47360/1995-4484-2024-24-31.

Kulikov A. N., Muravyeva N. V., Belov B. S. Risk factors for severe COVID-19 in patients with rheumatic diseases. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologia = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2024; 62 (1): 24–31. doi: https://doi.org/10.47360/1995-4484-2024-24-31. (in Russian)]

Furer V., Rondaan C., Heijstek M. W. et al. 2019 update of EULAR recommendations for vaccination in adult patients with autoimmune inflammatory rheumatic diseases. Ann Rheum Dis. 2020; 79 (1): 39–52. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2019-215882.

Bass A. R., Chakravarty E., Akl E. A. et al. 2022 American College of Rheumatology Guideline for Vaccinations in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2023; 75 (3): 449–464. doi: 10.1002/acr.25045.

Баранова М. М., Муравьева Н. В., Белов Б. С., Диатроптов М. Е. Иммуногенность, эффективность и безопасность трёхвалентной инактивированной гриппозной сплит-вакцины у больных анкилозирующим спондилитом и псориатическим артритом. Научно-практическая ревматология. 2024; 62 (3): 293–299. doi: https://doi.org/10.47360/1995-4484-2024-293-299.

Baranova M. M., Muravyeva N. V., Belov B. S., Diatroptov M. E. Immunogenicity, eﬃcacy and safety of the three-valent in-activated influenza split vaccine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis. Nauchno-Prakticheskaya Revmatologia = Rheumatology Science and Practice. 2024; 62 (3): 293–299. doi: https://doi.org/10.47360/1995-4484-2024-293-299. (in Russian)

Баранова М. М., Муравьева Н. В., Белов Б. С., Верижникова Ж. Г. Опыт применения 23-валентной пневмококковой полисахаридной вакцины у больных анкилозирующим спондилитом и псориатическим артритом. Медицинский алфавит. 2023; (31): 15–20. doi: https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-31-15-20.

Baranova M. M., Muravyeva N. V., Belov B. S., Verizhnikova Zh.G. Experience with 23valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in patients with ankylosing spondylitis and pso-riatic arthritis. Medical alphabet. 2023; (31): 15–20. doi: https://doi.org/10.33667/2078-5631-2023-31-15-20. (in Russian)

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.