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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/0235-2990-2025-70-3-4-47-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">MNPFYW</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-1238</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GUIDELINES FOR PRACTITIONERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительный анализ эффективности энтеральных и парентеральных антибактериальных препаратов при сепсисе нейрореанимационных пациентов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Enteral and Parenteral Antibacterial Drugs in Sepsis of Patients with Brain Damage</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5113-199X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирячков</surname><given-names>Ю. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiryachkov.</surname><given-names>Y. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирячков Юрий Юрьевич — д. м. н., профессор кафедры анестезиологии и реаниматологии; заведующий отделом хирургических и анестезиолого-реанимационных технологий</p><p>Гродно</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yuri Yu. Kiryachkov — D. Sc. in Medicine, Professor of the Department of Anesthesiology and Resuscitation; Head of the Department of Surgical and Anesthesiology and Resuscitation Technologies</p><p>Grodno</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Гродненский государственный медицинский университет; Федеральный научный клинический центр реаниматологии и реабилитологии</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Grodno State Medical University; Federal Research and Clinical Center of Intensive Care Medicine and Rehabilitology</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>08</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>3-4</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>54</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кирячков Ю.Ю., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кирячков Ю.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kiryachkov. Y.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1238">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1238</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования — провести анализ эффективности микробиологических исследований и применения парентеральных и энтеральных форм антибактериальных препаратов при сепсисе у пациентов с повреждением головного мозга различной этиологии. Материал и методы. В исследование включены 40 пациентов (мужчин — 23, женщин — 17, средний возраст — 50,43±2,84). У выживших и умерших от сепсиса пациентов проведена оценка вида, продолжительности, общего количества парентерально и энтерально используемых антибиотиков. Изучено прогностическое значение микробиологических показателей мочи, трахеобронхиального аспирата, венозной крови, ликвора, интравенозного фрагмента центрального венозного катетера с определением абсолютного и относительного числа случаев положительной и отрицательной микробиологической культуры. Результаты. У всех 40 обследуемых пациентов из мочи и трахеобронхиального дерева, венозной крови, ликвора и интравенозного сегмента центрального венозного катетера выделены 22 микробиологические культуры, из них выявлено в трахеобронхиальном аспирате — 17 видов, моче — 10, венозной крови — 10, ликворе — 8, интравенозном сегменте центрального венозного катетера — 10. Из 22 микроорганизмов 9 (40,9%) изолятов являлись представителями энтеробактерий. У пациентов использованы 23 вида парентеральных антибиотиков и 10 видов энтеральных и ингаляционных антибактериальных препаратов. Заключение. Обнаружение Providencia stuartii в бронхиальном аспирате и Acinetobacter baumanii, Escherihia coli в моче достоверно ассоциировалось с группой умерших пациентов, что можно считать прогностическим неблагоприятным фактором. Амикацин сульфат внутривенно при длительном использовании, а также фосфомицин и ципрофлоксацин при энтеральном введении повышают выживаемость пациентов при сепсисе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of microbiological studies and the use of parenteral and enteral forms of antibacterial drugs in sepsis of patients with brain damage of various etiologies. Material and methods. The study included 40 patients (23 men, 17 women, average age 50.43±2.84). In patients who survived and died from sepsis, the type, duration, as well as the total amount of parenteral and enteral antibiotics, were assessed. The prognostic value of microbiological parameters of urine, tracheobronchial aspirate, venous blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and intravenous fragment of the central venous catheter was studied, with the absolute and relative number of cases of positive and negative microbiological culture determined. Results. In all 40 examined patients, 22 microbiological cultures were isolated from urine and the tracheobronchial tree, venous blood, cerebrospinal fluid, and the intravenous segment of the central venous catheter, of which 17 species were found in tracheobronchial aspirate, 10 in urine, 10 in venous blood, 8 in cerebrospinal fluid, and 10 in the intravenous segment of the central venous catheter. Of the 22 microorganisms, 9 (40.9%) isolates were representatives of enterobacteria. The patients were given 23 types of parenteral antibiotics and 10 types of enteral and inhalation antibacterial drugs. Conclusion. Detection of Providencia stuartiiin bronchial aspirate and Acinetobacter baumanii, Escherichia coli in urine was reliably associated with the group of deceased patients, which can be considered an unfavorable prognostic factor. Administration of amikacin sulfate intravenously with long-term use, as well as fosfomycin and ciprofloxacin with enteral administration, increase the survival of patients with sepsis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>микробиологическое исследование</kwd><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>фосфомицин</kwd><kwd>ципрофлоксацин</kwd><kwd>микробиота</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>microbiological research</kwd><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>fosfomycin</kwd><kwd>ciprofloxacin</kwd><kwd>microbiota</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Источник финансирования — бюджет.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gunsolus I. L., Sweeney T. E., Liesenfeld O., Ledeboer N. A. Diagnosing and managing sepsis by probing the host response to infection: advances, opportunities, and challenges. 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