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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/0235-2990-2025-70-5-6-21-26</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">WWJRUQ</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-1252</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GUIDELINES FOR PRACTITIONERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Переносимость линезолида в индивидуальных режимах химиотерапии туберкулёза с множественной и пред-широкой лекарственной устойчивостью возбудителя у подростков</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Tolerability of Linezolid in Individualized Chemotherapy Regimens for Adolescents with Multi- or Pre-Extensively Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2417-8295</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Людмила Владимировна Панова, д. м. н., ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>детско-подростковый отдел</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila V. Panova, D. Sc. in Medicine, Leading Researcher</p><p>Child and Adolescent Department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">detstvocniit@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4049-428X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крушинская</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krushinskaya</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Екатерина Александровна Крушинская, к. м. н., научныйсотрудник</p><p>детско-подростковый отдел</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Krushinskaya, Ph. D. in Medicine, Researcher</p><p>Child and Adolescent Department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0460-7585</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Овсянкина</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ovsyankina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Елена Сергеевна Овсянкина, д. м. н., профессор, руководитель отдела</p><p>детско-подростковый отдел </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena S. Ovsyankina, D. Sc. in Medicine, Professor, Head ofthe Department</p><p>Child and Adolescent Department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7706-3841</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Авербах</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Averbakh</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Михаил Михайлович Авербах, д. м. н., профессор, главный научный сотрудник</p><p>отдел иммунологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Mikhael M. Averbakh, D. Sc. in Medicine, Chief Researcher</p><p>Department of Immunology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2886-1745</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнова</surname><given-names>Т. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnova</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Татьяна Геннадьевна Смирнова, к. м. н., руководительотдела</p><p>отдел микробиологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana G. Smirnova, Ph. D. in Medicine, Head of the Department</p><p>Microbiology Department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4589-6133</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреевская</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreevskaya</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Софья Николаевна Андреевская, к. м. н., ведущий научный сотрудник</p><p>отдел микробиологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sofya N. Andreevskaya, Ph. D. in Medicine, Leading Researcher</p><p>Microbiology Department</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Центральный научно-исследовательский институт туберкулёза»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Tuberculosis Research Institute</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>15</day><month>03</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>5-6</issue><fpage>21</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Панова Л.В., Крушинская Е.А., Овсянкина Е.С., Авербах М.М., Смирнова Т.Г., Андреевская С.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Панова Л.В., Крушинская Е.А., Овсянкина Е.С., Авербах М.М., Смирнова Т.Г., Андреевская С.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Panova L.V., Krushinskaya E.A., Ovsyankina E.S., Averbakh M.M., Smirnova T.G., Andreevskaya S.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1252">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1252</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>   Актуальность</title><p>   Актуальность. Эффективность лечения туберкулёза с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью (МЛУ) / предширокой лекарственной устойчивостью (пре-ШЛУ) микобактерий (МБТ) напрямую связана с переносимостью химиотерапии, в том числе линезолида, относящегося к препаратам группы А.</p><p>   Цель — изучить частоту развития, виды побочных реакций (ПР) на линезолид и возможности их коррекции у подростков, больных туберкулёзом с МЛУ/пре-ШЛУ МБТ.</p></sec><sec><title>   Методы</title><p>   Методы. В ретроспективное исследование включено 38 пациентов (13–17 лет), с различными формами туберкулёза органов дыхания; с МЛУ МБТ — 52,6 %, пре-ШЛУ — 42,1 %, широкой лекарственной устойчивостью (ШЛУ) — 5,3 %. Оценивали уровни: эозинофилов, гемоглобина, эритроцитов, лейкоцитов; АЛТ, АСТ. Иммунологическое исследование (реакция бласттрансформации лимфоцитов) на переносимость линезолида. Побочные реакции оценивались по виду (аллергические, токсические, токсико-аллергические) и степени тяжести.</p></sec><sec><title>   Результаты</title><p>   Результаты. Развитие ПР на линезолид зафиксировано у 34,2 % пациентов, преобладали токсические ПР — в 76,9 % случаев. Наиболее частой ПР была анемия — 46,2 %, в 80 % случаев отмечалось развитие реакций 1–2 степени тяжести. Иммунологическое подтверждение получено в 30,8 % случаев у пациентов с аллергическими и токсико-аллергической реакциями. У 84,6 % пациентов потребовалась кратковременная отмена линезолида и симптоматическая терапия.</p></sec><sec><title>   Заключение</title><p>   Заключение. Несмотря на высокую частоту побочных реакций, наблюдаемых при назначении линезолида, большинство из них были лёгкими и подлежали коррекции без длительной отмены препарата.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>   Background</title><p>   Background. The effectiveness of treatment for multidrug-resistant (MDR)/pre-extensively drug-resistant (pre-XDR) TB directly depends on the tolerability of chemotherapy, including linezolid, a group A drug.</p></sec><sec><title>   Aim</title><p>   Aim: To study the incidence and types of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to linezolid and ways to improve them in adolescents with MDR/pre-XDR TB.</p></sec><sec><title>   Methods</title><p>   Methods. A retrospective study included 38 patients aged 13–17 years with various forms of pulmonary TB: MDR TB — 52.6 %, pre-XDR TB — 42.1 %, XDR TB — 5.3 %. The levels of eosinophils, hemoglobin, erythrocytes, leukocytes; ALT, AST were assessed. The immunological study (lymphocyte blast-transformation reaction) was performed to evaluate linezolid tolerability. ADRs were assessed by type (allergic, toxic, toxicoallergic) and severity.</p></sec><sec><title>   Results</title><p>   Results. The development of ADRs to linezolid was registered in 34.2 % of cases with prevailing toxic reactions (76.9 %). The most frequent reaction was anemia (46.2 %), ADRs of severity levels 1–2 were registered in 80 % of cases. ADRs were immunologically confirmed in 30.8 % of thecases — in patients with allergic, as well as both toxic and allergic reactions. In 84.6% of cases, short-term withdrawal of linezolid and symptomatic treatment were required.</p></sec><sec><title>   Conclusion</title><p>   Conclusion. Despite the high frequency of ADRs induced by linezolid administration, most of them were mild and could be corrected without long-term drug withdrawal.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>туберкулёз с МЛУ</kwd><kwd>пре-ШЛУ МБТ</kwd><kwd>линезолид</kwd><kwd>подростки</kwd><kwd>побочные реакции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>MDT TB</kwd><kwd>pre-XDR TB</kwd><kwd>linezolid</kwd><kwd>adolescents</kwd><kwd>adverse reactions</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена на бюджетной основе в рамках НИР ФГБНУ «ЦНИИТ» «Новые подходы к диагностике и лечению туберкулёза органов дыхания у детей и подростков»</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The work was carried out on a budgetary basis as part of the research project of the Central Research Institute of Tuberculosis. 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