antibioticsАнтибиотики и ХимиотерапияAntibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy0235-2990ООО «Издательство ОКИ»10.37489/0235-2990-2025-70-5-6-64-71KPGFFWantibiotics-1261Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSСовременные представления о биосинтезе пептидного антибиотика грамицидина SCurrent Concepts of the Peptide Antibiotic Gramicidin S Biosynthesishttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-9143-4224МитинаЕ. Р.MitinaE. R.

Екатерина Романовна Митина, ассистент

Институт тонких химических технологий; кафедрабиотехнологии и промышленной фармации

Москва

Ekaterina R. Mitina, Assistant

Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies; Department of Biotechnology and Industrial Pharmacy

Moscow

mitinakaterina@bk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2602-9349ПшеничниковаА. Б.PshenichnikovaA. B.

Анна Борисовна Пшеничникова, к. х. н., доцент

Институт тонких химических технологий;  кафедрабиотехнологии и промышленной фармации 

Москва

Anna B. Pshenichnikova, Ph. D. in Chemistry, Associate Professor

Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies; Department of Biotechnology and Industrial Pharmacy

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3131-1031ЕфременковаО. В.EfremenkovaO. V.

Ольга Владимировна Ефременкова, к. б. н., зав. сектором

сектор поиска природных соединений, преодолевающих устойчивость бактерий

Москва

Olga V. Efremenkova, Ph. D. in Biology, Head of the Sector

Resistance-Overcoming Natural Compounds Search Sector

Moscow

ФГБУ ВО «МИРЭА — Российский технологический университет»РоссияMIREA — Russian technological universityRussian FederationФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт по изысканию новых антибиотиков им. Г. Ф. Гаузе»РоссияGause Institute of New AntibioticsRussian Federation202515032025705-66471Copyright © Митина Е.Р., Пшеничникова А.Б., Ефременкова О.В., 20252025Митина Е.Р., Пшеничникова А.Б., Ефременкова О.В.Mitina E.R., Pshenichnikova A.B., Efremenkova O.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1261

   Грамицидин S — циклический декапептидный антибиотик, продуцируемый почвенной бактерией Aneurinibacillus migulanus (ранее Bacillus brevis, Brevibacillus brevis), один из первых открытых антибиотиков. В последние годы наблюдается возрождение интереса исследователей к грамицидину S, поскольку к нему не вырабатывается антибиотикорезистентность, и он высоко активен в отношении биоплёнок. В обзоре рассмотрены современные представления о структуре, биологической роли и антимикробном действии грамицидина S, а также о путях его биосинтеза и влиянии на биосинтез параметров культивирования и компонентов питательной среды.

   Gramicidin S is a cyclic decapeptide antibiotic produced by the soil bacterium Aneurinibacillus migulanus (formerly Bacillus brevis, Brevibacillus brevis), one of the first antibiotics ever discovered. In recent years, a revival of research interest was observed towards gramicidin S due to its unique properties: it does not cause the development of antibiotic resistance and has high efficacy against biofilms. This review examines current understanding of the structure, biological role, and antimicrobial mechanisms of gramicidin S. It also explores the biosynthetic pathways of gramicidin S, as well as the influence of cultivation parameters and nutrient medium components on its biosynthesis.

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