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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/0235-2990-2025-707-8-34-40</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">PWUMWG</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-1269</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ И ПРАКТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GUIDELINES FOR PRACTITIONERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние кишечной микробиоты на риск мочекаменной болезни</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Impact of the Gut Microbiota on the Risk of Urolithiasis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3138-8410</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стуров</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sturov</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Николай Владимирович Стуров — к. м. н., доцент, заведующий кафедрой общей врачебной практики медицинского института.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikolay V. Sturov — Ph. D. in Medicine, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of General Practice.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0567-4616</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Попов</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Popov</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сергей Витальевич Попов — д. м. н., профессор кафедры общей врачебной практики медицинского института, врач-уролог.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey V. Popov — D. Sc. in Medicine, Professor at the Department of General Practice.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">popov-serv@rudn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6655-0369</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>З.  А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>Z. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Захар Андреевич Иванов — ассистент кафедры общей врачебной практики медицинского института.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zakhar A. Ivanov — Assistant Professor at the Department of General Practice.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9995-264X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жуков</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhukov</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Андреевич Жуков — к. м. н., доцент кафедры общей врачебной практики медицинского института.</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir A. Zhukov — Ph. D. in Medicine, Associate Professor at the Department of General Practice.</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов имени Патриса Лумумбы</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RUDN University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>25</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>7-8</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стуров Н.В., Попов С.В., Иванов З.А., Жуков В.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стуров Н.В., Попов С.В., Иванов З.А., Жуков В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sturov N.V., Popov S.V., Ivanov Z.A., Zhukov V.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1269">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1269</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучить особенности кишечной микробиоты (КМ) при мочекаменной болезни (МКБ) в сравнении со здоровыми добровольцами с определением бактерий, изменение содержания которых влияет на риск развития уролитиаза, с установлением пороговых значений данных показателей.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. С помощью метода газовой хроматографии-масс-спектрометрии (ГХМС) образцов фекалий был изучен состав КМ у 35 пациентов с МКБ и 31 здорового добровольца. Выполнен статистический анализ полученных результатов с целью определения бактерий, изменение численности которых ассоциируется с риском развития уролитиаза.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В группе пациентов с МКБ было отмечено увеличение численности следующих бактерий: Alcaligenes spp. / Klebsiella spp., C. hystolyticum / S. pneumonia, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium difficile. Состав КМ пациентов с МКБ отличался в зависимости от типа мочевых камней: при оксалатном уролитиазе наблюдалось повышение количества условно-патогенных бактерий Peptostreptococcus anaerobius 18623 и Clostridium perfringens, а при мочекислом уролитиазе — снижение представителей здоровой микробиоты Propionibacterium jensenii и Clostridium propionicum. Повышение количества Peptostreptococcus anaerobius 18623 более 37996×105 кл/г и/или снижение численности Clostridium propionicum менее 2178×105 кл/г ассоциировалось с повышением риска уролитиаза. Выводы. КМ пациентов с МКБ статистически достоверно отличается от КМ здоровых добровольцев. Состав КМ различен в зависимости от типа мочевых камней. Повышение количества P. anaerobius 18623 и/или снижение числа Clostridium propionicum в КМ могут рассматриваться в качестве потенциальных факторов риска развития МКБ.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim was to study the characteristics of the gut microbiota (GM) in urinary stone disease (urolithiasis) in comparison with healthy volunteers (HV), to identify bacteria whose content changes affect the risk of developing urolithiasis, as well as to establish threshold values for these indicators.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. The composition of GM in 35 patients with urolithiasis and 31 healthy volunteers was conducted using the method of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) of fecal samples; subsequent statistical analysis of the obtained results was performed to identify the bacteria whose changes in abundance are associated with the risk of urolithiasis.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In the group of patients with urolithiasis, an increase in the numbers of the following bacteria was noted: Alcaligenes spp. / Klebsiella spp., C. hystolyticum / S. pneumonia, Bacillus cereus, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium difficile. The GM composition in patients with urolithiasis differed depending on the type of urinary stones: in case of oxalate urolithiasis, there was an increase of opportunistic bacteria Peptostreptococcus anaerobius 18623 and Clostridium perfringens, while in uric acid urolithiasis, a decrease in healthy microbiota representatives Propionibacterium jensenii and Clostridium propionicum was observed. An increase in the number of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius 18623 over 37996×105 cells/g and/or a decrease in the number of Clostridium propionicum to fewer than 2178×105 cells/g were associated with increased risk of urolithiasis. Conclusions. The GM of patients with urolithiasis significantly differs from the GM of healthy volunteers. The composition of GM varies depending on the type of urinary stones. An increase in the amount of Peptostreptococcus anaerobius 18623 and/or a decrease in the amount of Clostridium propionicum in GM can be considered as potential risk factors of urolithiasis.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>мочекаменная болезнь</kwd><kwd>кишечная микробиота</kwd><kwd>газовая хроматография-масс-спектрометрия</kwd><kwd>оксалатные камни</kwd><kwd>мочекислые камни</kwd><kwd>факторы риска</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>urolithiasis</kwd><kwd>gut microbiota</kwd><kwd>gas chromatography-mass spectrometry</kwd><kwd>oxalate stones</kwd><kwd>uric acid stones</kwd><kwd>risk factors</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мочекаменная болезнь. 2024 Клинические рекомендации. https://uroweb.ru/news/opublikovani-klinicheskie-rekomendatsii-mochekamennaya-bolezn-2024 (доступно на 30.05.2025).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Urinary stone disease. 2024 Clinical Guidelines. https://uroweb.ru/news/opublikovani-klinicheskie-rekomendatsii-mochekamennaya-bolezn-2024 (accessed: 30.05.2025). 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