<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24411/0235-2990-2019-100016</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-128</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИКУЮЩЕМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GUIDELINES FOR PRACTITIONERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Антибактериальная терапия тяжёлой внебольничной пневмонии у взрослых - нужны ли новые препараты?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibacterial Therapy of Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults - Is There a Need for New Drugs?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рачина</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rachina</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Захаренков</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zakharenkov</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яцышина</surname><given-names>С. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yatsyshina</surname><given-names>S. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобылев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobylev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хрулева</surname><given-names>Ю. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khruleva</surname><given-names>YU. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Российский университет дружбы народов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>RUDN University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Межрегиональная ассоциация по клинической микробиологии и антимикробной химиотерапии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Interregional Association for Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Центральный НИИ эпидемиологии Роспотребнадзора</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of the Federal Service on Customers' Rights Protection and Human Well-being Surveillance</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Межрегиональная ассоциация по клинической микробиологии и антимикробной химиотерапии; Смоленский государственный медицинский университет Министерства здравоохранения РФ</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Interregional Association for Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy; Smolensk State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>64</volume><issue>3-4</issue><fpage>38</fpage><lpage>47</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; ООО «Издательство ОКИ», 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/128">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/128</self-uri><abstract><p>Тяжёлая внебольничная пневмония у взрослых остается серьёзной медицинской и социально-экономической проблемой, что обусловлено высокой летальностью, затратами на лечение и частыми клиническими неудачами даже при адекватно выбранном режиме стартовой антибактериальной терапии. Тенденция к росту в Российской Федерации частоты выявления устойчивых к пенициллинам, цефалоспоринам III поколения и макролидам S.pneumoniae, потенциальные риски появления CA-MRSA свидетельствуют о важности мониторинга и необходимости разработки и активного внедрения в клиническую практику как быстрых методов диагностики, так и новых антибактериальных препаратов, активных против «проблемных» респираторных возбудителей. Обзор посвящён этиологии заболевания внебольничной пневмонии, тенденциям устойчивости основных респираторных возбудителей, эффективности и безопасности различных режимов антибактериальной терапии, включая назначение комбинаций лекарственных средств, а также изучению потенциальных преимуществ новых антимикробных препаратов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most frequent acute infectious diseases in developed countries. Particular attention should be given to severe CAP, characterized by high mortality, high frequency of ineffectiveness of initial antibiotic therapy and treatment costs. The spread of pneumococcal isolates with reduced susceptibility to penicillin, III generation cephalosporins, macrolides, the risk of increasing the incidence of diseases caused by methicillin-resistant staphylococci and Enterobacteriaceae producing extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), led to a significant increase in interest in new antimicrobials (AMM) in CAP therapy. The review presents current data on the epidemiology and etiology of severe CAP (including trends in the antibiotic resistance of the main bacterial pathogens in the Russian Federation), outlines the basic principles of antibiotic therapy. The features of the activity spectrum, pharmacological characteristics, the results of clinical studies of the most promising antimicrobials - ceftaroline, solithromycin, new quinolones (dalafloxacin, nonmonoxacin, etc.), and omadacycline, are considered.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>тяжёлая внебольничная пневмония</kwd><kwd>антибактериальная терапия</kwd><kwd>комбинации лекарственных средств</kwd><kwd>новые антимикробные препараты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>severe community-acquired pneumonia</kwd><kwd>antibacterial therapy</kwd><kwd>drug combinations</kwd><kwd>new antimicrobial drugs</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
