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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/0235-2990-2025-70-11-12-18-23</article-id><article-id custom-type="edn" pub-id-type="custom">KBGUYR</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-1307</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эссенциальный элемент кремний в водах Северного Кавказа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Essential Element Silicon in the Waters of the North Caucasus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агоева</surname><given-names>Э. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agoeva</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Агоева Элеонора Анатольевна — старший научный сотрудник, Научно-исследовательская лаборатория экологического контроля ФГБОУ ВО КБГУ, им. Х.М. Бербекова; ФГБУ Кабардино-Балкарский государственный высокогорный заповедник.</p><p>Нальчик; п. Кашхатау</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Eleonora A. Agoeva — Senior Researcher, Scientific and Research Laboratory of Environmental Control, Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H. M. Berbekov; Kabardino-Balkarian State High Mountain Reserve.</p><p>Nalchik; Kashkhatau settlement</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">eleonora_agoeva@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ламашвили</surname><given-names>Л. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lamashvili</surname><given-names>L. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ламашвили Людмила Сайрамбаевна — научный сотрудник, зав. научно-исследовательской лабораторией экологического контроля ФГБОУ ВО КБГУ, им. Х.М. Бербекова; ФГБУ Кабардино-Балкарский государственный высокогорный заповедник.</p><p>Нальчик; п. Кашхатау</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila S. Lamashvili — Researcher, Head of Department of the Scientific Research Laboratory of Environmental Control, Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov; Kabardino-Balkarian State High-altitude Nature Reserve.</p><p>Nalchik; Kashkhatau settlement</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малкандуев</surname><given-names>Ю. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malkanduev</surname><given-names>Yu. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Малкандуев Юсуф Ахматович — д. х. н., профессор, зав. кафедрой органической химии и высокомолекулярных соединений института математики и естественных наук.</p><p>Нальчик</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yusuf A. Malkanduev — D. Sc. in Chemistry, Professor, Head of the Department of Organic Chemistry and High Molecular Weight Compounds, Institute of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. Berbekov.</p><p>Nalchik</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательская лаборатория экологического контроля ФГБОУ ВО Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет, им. Х.М. Бербекова, РФ; ФГБУ Кабардино-Балкарский государственный высокогорный заповедник</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Research Laboratory of Environmental Control, Kabardino-Balkarian State University, named after H.M. Berbekov; Kabardino-Balkarian State High Mountain Reserve</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательская лаборатория экологического контроля ФГБОУ ВО Кабардино-Балкарский государственный университет, им. Х.М. Бербекова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Scientific Research Laboratory of Environmental Control, Kabardino-Balkarian State University, named after H.M. Berbekov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>70</volume><issue>11-12</issue><fpage>18</fpage><lpage>23</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Агоева Э.А., Ламашвили Л.С., Малкандуев Ю.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Агоева Э.А., Ламашвили Л.С., Малкандуев Ю.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Agoeva E.A., Lamashvili L.S., Malkanduev Y.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1307">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/1307</self-uri><abstract><p>Кремний, являясь незаменимым компонентом, содержится в природных водах в различных формах: растворимых солях, коллоидах и взвешенных частицах. Несмотря на то, что образование растворимых соединений кремния из кремнеземсодержащих минералов происходит медленно из-за гидролиза и выветривания, в некоторых водах его концентрация может превышать предельно допустимые нормы, что подтверждено научными исследованиями. Было проведено исследование концентрации кремния и диоксида кремния в водоёмах Кабардино-Балкарской Республики, которое является инновационным. Полученные результаты сравнивались с нормативными гигиеническими требованиями к водоёмам, пригодным для питья и рыбохозяйственного назначения. Область научных исследований. В рамках исследования для изучения были выбраны три ключевые геоморфологические зоны Кабардино-Балкарской Республики и девять административных единиц, расположенных на её территории: горная зона Эльбруса, предгорная зона Чегема и равнинная зона, включающая Баксанский, Терский, Прохладненский, Урванский, Майский, Лескенский и Нальчикский районы. Цель исследования. Исследование включало в себя определение санитарно-гигиенических нормативов содержания кремния в различных типах вод, установление точек отбора проб для водоёмов в различных геоморфологических зонах с последующей их фиксацией на карте-схеме в программе Axiom 5, а также определение количественного содержания кремния (Si) и диоксида кремния (SiO2). Материал и методы. Исследования кремния проводились спектрофотометрическим методом на приборе UNICO-2804 с образованием жёлтой молибденовой гетерополикислоты и в виде синей (восстановленной) формы молибдокремниевой кислоты. Результаты и обсуждение. Согласно результатам исследования, Терский, Прохладненский и Майский районы являются лидерами по выявленным суммарным концентрациям кремния во всех изученных типах вод. Также превышения предельно допустимых концентраций для рыбохозяйственных водоёмов и питьевой воды были выявлены в 6 точках отбора проб в Терском и Прохладненском районах. Выводы. Было установлено, что превышение предельно допустимых концентраций кремния имеет естественную природу, связанную с геологией водосборного бассейна рек Малка и Терек.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Background. Silicon, being an indispensable component, is found in natural waters in various forms: soluble salts, colloids, and suspended particles. Despite the fact that the formation of soluble silicon compounds from silica-containing minerals occurs slowly due to hydrolysis and weathering, its concentration in some waters may exceed acceptable standards, which is confirmed by scientific research. An innovative study on the concentration of silicon and silicon dioxide in reservoirs of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic has been conducted. The obtained results were subjected to a comparative assessment with the regulatory hygienic requirements for reservoirs suitable for drinking and fishery use. The field of research. As part of the study, three key geomorphological zones of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and nine administrative units located on its territory were selected for study: the mountainous zone of Elbrus, the foothill zone of Chegema, and the plain zone, including Baksan, Tersky, Prokhladnensky, Urvansky, Maysky, Lesken, and Nalchik districts. The aim of the study. The research included the determination of sanitary and hygienic standards for the silicon content in different types of waters; the establishment of sampling points for water bodies in various geomorphological zones, followed by their fixation on a schematic map in the Axiom 5 program; as well as the determination of the quantitative content of silicon (Si) and silicon dioxide (SiO2). Material and methods. Silicon was analyzed using the spectrophotometric method on the UNICO-2804 device, with the formation of yellow silicolybdenum heteropoly acid and a blue (reduced) form of molybdosilicic acid. Results and discussion. According to the study results, the Tersky, Prokhladnensky, and Maysky districts are the leaders in terms of the detected total concentrations of silicon in all types of waters studied. Moreover, exceedances of the maximum permissible concentrations for fishery reservoirs (MPCr.x.) and drinking waters (MPCp.v.) were detected at 6 sampling points in the Tersk and Prokhladnensky districts. Conclusions. It has been determined that exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations for silicon is natural and is related to the geology of the catchment areas of the Malka and Terek basins.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Кабардино-Балкария</kwd><kwd>воды</kwd><kwd>кремний</kwd><kwd>ПДК</kwd><kwd>геоморфологические зоны</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Kabardino-Balkaria</kwd><kwd>waters</kwd><kwd>silicon</kwd><kwd>MPC</kwd><kwd>geomorphological zones</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке внутреннего гранта ФГБОУ ВО КБГУ им. Х.М. Бербекова (Договор № 11).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This study was funded by the Kabardino-Balkarian State University named after H.M. 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