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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-194</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Механизмы формирования аитибиотикорезистентности бактерий рода Campylobacter</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Mechanisms of Antibiotic Resistance in Bacteria of The Genus Campylobacter</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стеценко</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stetsenko</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ефимочкина</surname><given-names>Н. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Efimochkina</surname><given-names>N. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный исследовательский центр питания, биотехнологии и безопасности пищи</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research Сenter of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>63</volume><issue>9-10</issue><fpage>61</fpage><lpage>68</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; ООО «Издательство ОКИ», 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/194">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/194</self-uri><abstract><p>Антибиотикорезистентность бактерий, контаминирующих пищевые продукты, является в настоящее время одной из наиболее острых проблем здравоохранения. Широкое использование антибиотиков в ветеринарии с лечебной целью, а также в качестве профилактических средств или стимуляторов роста сельскохозяйственных животных и птицы, создаёт условия для селективного давления на бактериальные популяции, приводит к их адаптации и распространению антибиотикорезистентных штаммов эмердаентных пищевых патогенов, к числу которых относятся бактерии рода Campylobacter. По данным ВОЗ, кампилобактериозные гастроэнтероколиты сохраняют лидирующие позиции среди острых кишечных инфекций с пищевым путём передачи. Проведён анализ особенностей генетической трансформации и формирования резистентности возбудителей кампилобактериоза к нескольким классам антимикробных препаратов, наиболее часто применяемым в медицине и ветеринарии. Показано, что бактерии рода Campylobacter обладают множественными способами усиления устойчивости, которые включают горизонтальную передачу ДНК (через механизм природной трансформации), плазмидньй трансфер генов резистентности и хромосомные мутации. Приведены данные о специфических механизмах антибиотикорезистентности Campylobacter jejuni к фторхинолонам, тетраииншнам, аминогликозидам, макролитам. Показано, что экспрессия резистентности у Campylobacter spp. наиболее выражена в отношении тетрациклинов, что в последние годы привело к быстрому нарастанию до 61—87% доли тетрациклиноустойчивых штаммов среди популяций кампилобактеров, контаминирующих пищевые продукты. Проведён анализ данных, подтверждающих трансфер генов резистентности и тотальную устойчивость C.jejuni к фторхинолонам, которая сформировалась в результате длительного воздействия сублетальных доз этих препаратов. Тенденция к формированию устойчивости C.jejuni к макролитам, в первую очередь к эритромицину, обусловленная не только хромосомными мутациями, но и наличием трансмиссивной плазмидной резистентности, в настоящее время рассматривается как серьёзная угроза здоровью населения. Поиск новых информативных маркеров антибиотикорезистентности Campylobacter spp. позволит делать прогнозные оценки риска формирования устойчивости возбудителей кампилобактериоза к наиболее часто используемым антимикробным препаратам.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Antibiotic resistance of bacteria that contaminate raw food products is currently one of the most acute public health problems. The widespread use of antibiotics for therapeutic or prophylactic purposes in veterinary medicine and as growth promoters for farm animals and poultry creates the conditions for selective pressure on bacterial populations, leading to their adaptation and dissemination of antibiotic- resistant strains of emergent foodborne pathogens, including bacteria of the genus Campylobacter. According to the WHO, campylobacteriosis gastroenteritis retains its leading position among the acute foodborne infections. The article analyzes the features of genetic transformation and formation of resistance of Campylobacter bacteria to several classes of antimicrobial drugs, most commonly used in medicine and veterinary. It is shown that Campylobacter spp. have multiple ways to enhance resistance, which include horizontal DNA transfer (through the mechanism of natural transformation), plasmid transfer of resistance genes and chromosomal mutations. The article presents the data on specific mechanisms of Campylobacter jejuni antibiotic resistance to fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines, aminoglycosides, and macrolides. It is shown that the expression of resistance in Campylobacter spp. is the most pronounced in relation to tetracyclines, which in recent years has led to a rapid increase to 61—87% of the proportion of tetracycline-resistant strains among the populations of campylobacters, contaminating food products. The analysis of data confirming the transfer of resistance genes and total resistance of Ñ.jejuni to fluoroquinolones, which was formed as a result of prolonged exposure to sublethal doses of these drugs, was carried out. The tendency of Ñ.jejuni to form resistance to macrolides, primarily to erythromycin, caused not only by chromosomal mutations, but also by the presence of transmissive plasmid resistance, is now considered as a serious threat to public health. The search for new informative antibiotic resistance markers of Campylobacter spp. will allow making prognostic assessment of the risk of formation of resistance of campylobacteriosis pathogens to the most frequently used antimicrobial agents.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кампилобактериоз</kwd><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>антимикробные препараты</kwd><kwd>генетические детерминанты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Campylobacter jejuni</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organization. The global view of campylobacteriosis: report of an expert consultation, Utrecht, Netherlands, 9—11 July 2012.//TSBN 978 92 4 156460 1. www.who.int</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organization. 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