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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-27</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИКУЮЩЕМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GUIDELINES FOR PRACTITIONERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Мультицентровое исследование распространённости фарингеального носительства Streptococcus pneumoniae на отдельных территориях Республики Казахстан и после начала противопневмококковой вакцинации</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A Multicenter Study of the Prevalence of Nasopharyngeal Carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Selected Areas of the Republic of Kazakhstan Before and After the Onset of Antipneumococcal Vaccination</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рамазанова</surname><given-names>Б. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ramazanova</surname><given-names>B. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ералиева</surname><given-names>Л. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Eralieva</surname><given-names>L. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мустафина</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mustafina</surname><given-names>K. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колоскова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Koloskova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">koloskova.e.a@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Казахский национальный медицинский университет им. С. Д. Асфендиярова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>B. Atchabarov Institute of Fundamental and Applied Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ фундаментальной и прикладной медицины им. Б. Атчабарова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>62</volume><issue>5-6</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; ООО «Издательство ОКИ», 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/27">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/27</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Колонизация S.pneumoniae рассматривается как фактор распространения пневмококка в популяции и является предиктором развития пневмококковой инфекции. Вакцинация против пневмококковой инфекции способна существенно снизить распространение S.pneumoniae и уровень носительства инвазивных штаммов. В Республике Казахстан в рамках национальной программы «Саламатты Казахстан» в 2011 г. проводится вакцинация против пневмококковой инфекции с поэтапным охватом по всей стране. Цель: Охарактеризовать назофарингеальное носительство S.pneumoniae у детей до 2 лет в двух разных регионах страны с разной историей иммунизации против пневмококковой инфекции. Методы. Проспективное многоцентровое кросс-секционное исследование проводилось в двух городах: в г. Алматы и в г. Караганда в течение двухлетнего периода. Носоглоточные образцы идентифицировали микробиологическим и молекулярно-генетическими методами с учетом вакцинального статуса детей. Результаты. За время исследования было обследовано 500 детей из Алматы и 1000 детей из Караганды в возрасте до 2 лет. Распространенность пневмококкового носительства на первом этапе исследования составила 15,6% в Алматы и 4,7% в Караганде. Во второй год исследования распространенность пневмококкового носительства была определена в Алматы - 14,1%, в Караганде - 17,6%. Наиболее распространенные серотипы в Алматы до вакцинации: 13 - 12%, 6АВС - 8%, 15В/С - 8% и 17F - 8%, в Караганде, где вакцинация проводилась в течение 2 лет: 15В - 19%, 31 - 14,3%, 38 - 14,3% и нетипируемые штаммы - 23,8%. На втором этапе исследования распространённые серотипы в Алматы: 15А - 11,1%, 39F - 11,1%, 22F - 8,3%, 31 - 8,3% и нетипируемые штаммы - 27,8%. В Караганде в 2016 году наиболее часто определяемыми серотипами были 8 - 14,3%, 10F/10C/33C - 10,4%, 15B/C - 9,1% и нетипируемые штаммы - 23,4%. Обсуждение. Полученные данные показывают необходимость мониторинга на фоне проводимой противопневмококковой вакцинации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Colonization of S.pneumoniae is considered as a factor in the spreading of pneumococcus in the population, and is a predictor of the development of pneumococcal infection. Vaccination against pneumococcal infection can significantly reduce the spread of S.pneumoniae and the number of carriers of invasive strains. The vaccination against pneumococcal infection in the Republic of Kazakhstan was carried out with a phased coverage throughout the country in the framework of the national program «Salamatty Kazakhstan» in 2011. Purpose. To characterize the nasopharyngeal carriage of S.pneumoniae in children under 2 years in two different regions of the country with different histories of immunization against pneumococcal infection. Methods. A prospective multicenter cross-sectional study was conducted in two cities - Almaty and Karaganda - for a two-year period. Nasopharyngeal samples were identified by microbiological and molecular/genetic methods, taking into account the vaccinal status of children. Results: During the study, 500 children from Almaty and 1000 children from Karaganda at the age of 2 years were examined. The prevalence of pneumococcal carriage in the first stage of the study was 15.6% in Almaty and 4.7% in Karaganda. In the second year of the study, the prevalence of pneumococcal carriage was 14.1% in Almaty and 17.6% in Karaganda. The most common serotypes in Almaty before the vaccination were: 13 - 12%, 6ABC - 8%, 15B/C - 8% and 17F - 8%, in Karaganda, where the vaccination was carried out for 2 years: 15V - 19%, 31 - 14, 3%, 38 - 14.3% and non-typed strains - 23.8%. At the second stage of the study, common serotypes in Almaty were: 15A - 11.1%, 39F - 11.1%, 22F - 8.3%, 31 - 8.3% and non-typed strains - 27.8%. The most frequently detected serotypes in Karaganda in 2016 were: 8 - 14.3%, 10F/10C/33C - 10.4%, 15B/C - 9.1% and non-typed strains - 23.4%. Discussion. The received data confirms the necessity of the monitoring measures within the framework of the current anti-pneumococcal vaccination.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пневмококковое бактерионосительство</kwd><kwd>серотипы</kwd><kwd>пневмококковая инфекция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Streptococcus pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>pneumococcal bacteriocarrier</kwd><kwd>serotypes</kwd><kwd>pneumococcal infection</kwd><kwd>Streptococcus pneumoniae</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tuomanen E.I., Mitchell T.J., Morrison D., Spratt B.G. 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