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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-395</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL PAPERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изучение молекулярных механизмов резистентности к аминогликозидным антибиотикам возбудителей сальмонеллеза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Investigation of Molecular Mechanisms of Aminoglycoside Resistance in Salmonella</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубрицкий</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubritskiy</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильина</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilina</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стрельченко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Strelchenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малахова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malakhova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ленев</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lenev</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скляров</surname><given-names>О. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sklyarov</surname><given-names>O. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Панин</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Panin</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Говорун</surname><given-names>В. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Govorun</surname><given-names>V. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff xml:lang="ru" id="aff-1"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт физико-химической медицины</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>56</volume><issue>9-10</issue><fpage>7</fpage><lpage>12</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; ООО «Издательство ОКИ», 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/395">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/395</self-uri><abstract><p>Проведена характеристика фенотипических проявлений устойчивости к аминогликозидным антибиотикам и поиск соответствующих генов, обеспечивающих резистентность 243 штаммов Salmonella spp. из коллекции ФГУ «ВГНКИ», собранной в период с 1948 по 2010 год. Клиническая устойчивость к стрептомицину и гентамицину обнаружена у 3,7% (n=9) и 0,8% (n=2) штаммов соответственно. Промежуточная устойчивость к стрептомицину выявлена у 9,9% (n=24) штаммов. Для обнаружения генов, обусловливающих резистентность к аминогликозидным антибиотикам, были созданы тест-системы для амплификации и определения нуклеотидной последовательности генов aadAl, aadA2, aadB, aphAl, aphA3, sat, strA, strB, aphA, aacC, rmtB, armA и rpsL. Среди штаммов с промежуточной устойчивостью к стрептомицину выявлено присутствие в геноме генов aadAl, aadA2, strA, strB, кодирующих ферменты модификации аминогликозидных антибиотиков, а также мутации в гене rpsL (K42N, G91D). Генетические механизмы, объясняющие формирование резистентности к гентамицину, в ходе исследования не выявлены. Сопоставлением данных бактериологического и генетического тестирования обнаружена группа сальмонелл, несущих гены резистентности к стрептомицину, но не сформировавших выраженную клиническую устойчивость к нему. Обнаружение таких изолятов указывает на необходимость генетического тестирования для своевременного предотвращения распространения лекарственной устойчивости в микробной популяции за счёт горизонтального переноса генов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The spread of aminoglycoside resistance phenotype and respective genetic resistance determinants was evaluated in 243 Salmonella strains isolated within 1948-2010 and stored in the Culture Collection of the Russian State Research Institute for Control, Standardization and Certification of Veterinary Preparations (Moscow). The Salmonella strains showed resistance to streptomycin and gentamicin in 3.7% (n=9) and 0.8% (n=2) of the isolates respectively. Intermediate resistance to streptomycin was recorded in 9.9% (n=24) of the isolates. To detect the genes responsible for the aminoglycoside resistance, primers for aadAl, aadA2, aadB, aphAl, aphA3, sat, strA, strB, aphA, aacC, rmtB, armA and rpsL genes amplification and sequencing were designed. The strains with lower susceptibility to streptomycin harbored aadAl, aadA2, strA, strB resistance genes encoding enzymes for aminoglicoside modification and rpsL mutant allele (K42N, G91D). Genetic mechanisms able to explain the gentamicin resistance development were not detected. Some strains carried genetic markers of streptomycine resistance but had no clinically sufficient resistance to it. In this regard, genetic testing is essential for prevention of drug resistance spreading due to horizontal transfer of genes in microbial population.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>резистентность</kwd><kwd>аминогликозидные антибиотики</kwd><kwd>стрептомицин</kwd><kwd>гентамицин</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Salmonella</kwd><kwd>Salmonella</kwd><kwd>resistance</kwd><kwd>aminoglycosides</kwd><kwd>streptomycin</kwd><kwd>gentamicin</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">World Health Organisation - Programmes and projects - Media centre - Fact sheets - Fact sheet №139. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs139/en/ - Revised April 2005.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">World Health Organisation - Programmes and projects - Media centre - Fact sheets - Fact sheet №139. http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs139/en/ - Revised April 2005.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Онищенко Г.Г. 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