<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-402</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современное состояние изучения эффективности неспецифических средств медицинской защиты in vitro и in vivo в отношении коронавируса IV генотипа, вызывающего тяжёлый острый респираторный синдром</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Present State of in vitro and in vivo Studies on Efficacy of Medical Nonspecific Protective Agents with Respect to Genotype IV Coronavirus Causing Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щукина</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchukina</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Логинова</surname><given-names>С. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Loginova</surname><given-names>S. YA.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борисевич</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Borisevich</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бондарев</surname><given-names>В. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bonderev</surname><given-names>V. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Филиал федерального государственного учреждения 48 Центральный научно-исследовательский институт Министерства обороны Российской Федерации - Вирусологический центр<country>Россия</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2011</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>56</volume><issue>9-10</issue><fpage>41</fpage><lpage>46</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Щукина В.Н., Логинова С.Я., Борисевич С.В., Бондарев В.П., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щукина В.Н., Логинова С.Я., Борисевич С.В., Бондарев В.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shchukina V.N., Loginova S.Y., Borisevich S.V., Bonderev V.P.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/402">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/402</self-uri><abstract><p>Результаты оценки эффективности различных фармакологических групп НМСЗ in vitro свидетельствуют о том, что ряд препаратов (велферон, алферон, бетаферон, рибавирин, лопинавир) оказались эффективными в отношении вируса ТОРС, что позволило исследователям рекомендовать их для оценки активности на лабораторных животных. Данные об изучении. эффективности фармакологических препаратов in vivo в отношении возбудителя ТОРС немногочисленны и судить об их эффективности затруднительно. Опасность скрытой циркуляции ТОРС среди диких животных в Китае обусловливает актуальность поиска новых эффективных медицинских средств защиты населения РФ в отношении этого возбудителя.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The results of the in vitro studies on the efficacy of medical nonspecific protective agents from various pharmacological groups showed that some drugs, such as velferon, alferon, betaferon, ribavirin and lopinavir were active against TOPC virus, that permitted to recommend them for estimation of their activity on laboratory animals. The data on the in vivo activity of pharmacological drugs with respect to TOPC virus are rather scanty and it is difficult to predetermine their efficacy. The danger of TOPC virus latent circulation among wild animals in China requires research of new efficient medical agents for protection of the people from the pathogen in the Russian Federation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирус тяжёлого острого респираторного синдрома</kwd><kwd>интерферон</kwd><kwd>индукторы интерферона</kwd><kwd>противовирусная эффективность</kwd><kwd>химиотерапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>evere acute respiratory syndrome virus</kwd><kwd>interferon</kwd><kwd>interferon inductors</kwd><kwd>antiviral efficacy</kwd><kwd>chemotherapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Revised U.S. Surveillance case definition for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and update on SARS cases - United States and worldwide, December 2003. Weekly 2003; 52: 49: 1202-1206.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Revised U.S. Surveillance case definition for severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and update on SARS cases - United States and worldwide, December 2003. Weekly 2003; 52: 49: 1202-1206.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore - update 2. SARS case in Singapore linked to accidental laboratory contamination. 24 September 2003. Disease Outbreak Reported. http://www.who.int/csr/don/2003_09_24/en/index.html.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in Singapore - update 2. SARS case in Singapore linked to accidental laboratory contamination. 24 September 2003. Disease Outbreak Reported. http://www.who.int/csr/don/2003_09_24/en/index.html.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">China confirms SARS infection in another previously reported case; summary of cases to date - Update 5. 30 April 2004. http://www.who.int/csr/don/2004_04_30/en/index.html.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">China confirms SARS infection in another previously reported case; summary of cases to date - Update 5. 30 April 2004. http://www.who.int/csr/don/2004_04_30/en/index.html.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guan Y., Zheng B.J., He Y.Q. et al. Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China. Science 2003; 302: 276-278.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guan Y., Zheng B.J., He Y.Q. et al. Isolation and characterization of viruses related to the SARS coronavirus from animals in southern China. Science 2003; 302: 276-278.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li W., Shi Z., Yu M. et al. Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses. Science 2005; 310: 676-679.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li W., Shi Z., Yu M. et al. Bats are natural reservoirs of SARS-like coronaviruses. Science 2005; 310: 676-679.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wu Y.S., Lin W.H., Hsu J.T., Hsieh H.P. Antiviral drug discovery against SARS-CoV. Curr Med Chem 2006; 13: 17: 2003-2020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wu Y.S., Lin W.H., Hsu J.T., Hsieh H.P. Antiviral drug discovery against SARS-CoV. Curr Med Chem 2006; 13: 17: 2003-2020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shigeta S., Yamase T. Current status of anti-SARS agents. Antivir Chemother 2005; 16: 1: 23-31.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shigeta S., Yamase T. Current status of anti-SARS agents. Antivir Chemother 2005; 16: 1: 23-31.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tan E.L.C., Ooi E.E., Tan H.C. et al. Inhibition of SARS coronavirus infection in vitro with clinical approved antiviral drugs. Emerg Infect Dis 2004; 10: 4: 581-586.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tan E.L.C., Ooi E.E., Tan H.C. et al. Inhibition of SARS coronavirus infection in vitro with clinical approved antiviral drugs. Emerg Infect Dis 2004; 10: 4: 581-586.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hensley L.E., Fritz E.A., Jahrling P.B. et al. Interferon-ß 1а and SARS coronavirus replication. Emerg Infect Dis 2004; 10: 2: 317-319.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hensley L.E., Fritz E.A., Jahrling P.B. et al. Interferon-ß 1а and SARS coronavirus replication. Emerg Infect Dis 2004; 10: 2: 317-319.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Paragas J., Blatt L.M., Hartman C. et al. Interferon alfacon1 is an inhibitor of SARS-coronavirus in cell-based models. Antiviral Res 2005; 66: 2-3: 99-102.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Paragas J., Blatt L.M., Hartman C. et al. Interferon alfacon1 is an inhibitor of SARS-coronavirus in cell-based models. Antiviral Res 2005; 66: 2-3: 99-102.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spiegel M., Pichlmair A., Martinez-Sobrido L. et al. Inhibition of beta interferon induction by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus suggests a two-step model for activation of interferon regulatory factor 3. J Virol 2005; 79: 4: 2079-2086.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spiegel M., Pichlmair A., Martinez-Sobrido L. et al. Inhibition of beta interferon induction by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus suggests a two-step model for activation of interferon regulatory factor 3. J Virol 2005; 79: 4: 2079-2086.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">De Lang A., Osterhaus A.D., Haagmans B.L. Interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 downregulate expression of the SARS coronavirus receptor ACE2 in Vero E6 cells. Virology 2006; 353: 2: 474-481.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">De Lang A., Osterhaus A.D., Haagmans B.L. Interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 downregulate expression of the SARS coronavirus receptor ACE2 in Vero E6 cells. Virology 2006; 353: 2: 474-481.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zorzitto J., Galligan C.L., Ueng J.J., Fish E.N. Characterization of the antiviral effects of interferon-alpha against a SARS-like coronavirus infection in vitro. Cell Res 2006 16: 2: 220-229.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zorzitto J., Galligan C.L., Ueng J.J., Fish E.N. Characterization of the antiviral effects of interferon-alpha against a SARS-like coronavirus infection in vitro. Cell Res 2006 16: 2: 220-229.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lau Y.L., Peiris J.M. Pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Curr 0pin Immunol 2005; 17: 4: 404-410.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lau Y.L., Peiris J.M. Pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Curr 0pin Immunol 2005; 17: 4: 404-410.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koren G., King S., Knowles S., Phillips E. Ribavirin in treatment of SARS: A new trick for an old drug? Can Med Ass J 2003; 168: 10: 412-414.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koren G., King S., Knowles S., Phillips E. Ribavirin in treatment of SARS: A new trick for an old drug? Can Med Ass J 2003; 168: 10: 412-414.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Saijo M., Morikawa S., Fukushi S. et al. Inhibitory effect of mizoribine and ribavirin on the replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus. Antiviral Res 2005; 66: 2-3: 159-163.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Saijo M., Morikawa S., Fukushi S. et al. Inhibitory effect of mizoribine and ribavirin on the replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus. Antiviral Res 2005; 66: 2-3: 159-163.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cho J.H., Bernard D.L., Sidwell R.W. et al. Synthesis of cyclopentenyl carbocyclic nucleosides as potential antiviral agents against orthopoxviruses and SARS. J Med Chem 2006; 49: 3: 1140-1148.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cho J.H., Bernard D.L., Sidwell R.W. et al. Synthesis of cyclopentenyl carbocyclic nucleosides as potential antiviral agents against orthopoxviruses and SARS. J Med Chem 2006; 49: 3: 1140-1148.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tanner J.A., Zheng B.J., Zhou J. et al. The Adamantane-derived bananins are potent inhibitors of the helicase activities and replication of SARS coronavirus. Chem Biol 2005; 12: 3: 303-311.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tanner J.A., Zheng B.J., Zhou J. et al. The Adamantane-derived bananins are potent inhibitors of the helicase activities and replication of SARS coronavirus. Chem Biol 2005; 12: 3: 303-311.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang H.Z., Zhang H., Kemnitzer W. et al. Design and synthesis of dipeptidyl glutaminyl fluoromethyl ketones as potent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) inhibitors. J Med Chem 2006; 49: 3: 1198-1201.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang H.Z., Zhang H., Kemnitzer W. et al. Design and synthesis of dipeptidyl glutaminyl fluoromethyl ketones as potent severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) inhibitors. J Med Chem 2006; 49: 3: 1198-1201.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen L., Gui C., Luo X., Yang Q. et al. Cinanserin is an inhibitor ofthe 3c-like proteinase of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and strongly reduces virus replication in vitro. J Virol 2005; 79: 11: 7095-7103.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen L., Gui C., Luo X., Yang Q. et al. Cinanserin is an inhibitor ofthe 3c-like proteinase of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and strongly reduces virus replication in vitro. J Virol 2005; 79: 11: 7095-7103.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chan K.S., Lai S.T., Chu C.M. Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with lopinavir/ritonavir: a multicentre retrospective matched cohort study. Hong Kong Med J 2003; 9: 399-406.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chan K.S., Lai S.T., Chu C.M. Treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome with lopinavir/ritonavir: a multicentre retrospective matched cohort study. Hong Kong Med J 2003; 9: 399-406.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yazdanpanah Y., Guery B. Antiretroviral drugs in severe acute respiratory syndrome. Presse Med 2006; 35; 1: 2: 105-107.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yazdanpanah Y., Guery B. Antiretroviral drugs in severe acute respiratory syndrome. Presse Med 2006; 35; 1: 2: 105-107.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang X.W., Yap Y.L. Old drugs as lead compounds for a new disease? Binding analysis of SARS coronavirus main proteinase with HIV, psychotic and parasite drugs. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12: 10: 2517-2521.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang X.W., Yap Y.L. Old drugs as lead compounds for a new disease? Binding analysis of SARS coronavirus main proteinase with HIV, psychotic and parasite drugs. Bioorg Med Chem 2004; 12: 10: 2517-2521.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Savarino A. Expanding the frontiers of existing antiviral drugs: possible effects of HIV-1 protease inhibitors against SARS and avian influenza. J Clin Virol 2005; 34: 3: 170-178.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Savarino A. Expanding the frontiers of existing antiviral drugs: possible effects of HIV-1 protease inhibitors against SARS and avian influenza. J Clin Virol 2005; 34: 3: 170-178.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Du Q.S., Sun H., Chou K.C. Inhibitor design for SARS coronavirus main protease based on «distorted key theory». Med Chem 2007; 3: 1: 1-6.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Du Q.S., Sun H., Chou K.C. Inhibitor design for SARS coronavirus main protease based on «distorted key theory». Med Chem 2007; 3: 1: 1-6.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gan Y.R., Huang H., Huang Y.D. et al. Synthesis and activity of an octapeptide inhibitor designed for SARS coronavirus main proteinase. Peptides 2006; 27: 4: 622-625.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gan Y.R., Huang H., Huang Y.D. et al. Synthesis and activity of an octapeptide inhibitor designed for SARS coronavirus main proteinase. Peptides 2006; 27: 4: 622-625.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang R., Wei D.Q., Du Q.S., Chou K.C. Molecular modeling studies of peptide drug candidates against SARS. Med Chem 2006; 2: 3: 309-314.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang R., Wei D.Q., Du Q.S., Chou K.C. Molecular modeling studies of peptide drug candidates against SARS. Med Chem 2006; 2: 3: 309-314.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaeppler U., Stiefl N., Schiller M. et al. A new lead for nonpeptidic active-site-directed inhibitors of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main protease discovered by a combination of screening and docking methods. J Med Chem 2005; 48: 22: 6832-6842.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaeppler U., Stiefl N., Schiller M. et al. A new lead for nonpeptidic active-site-directed inhibitors of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main protease discovered by a combination of screening and docking methods. J Med Chem 2005; 48: 22: 6832-6842.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lu I.L., Mahindroo N., Liang P.H. et al. Structure-based drug design and structural biology study of novel nonpeptide inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main protease. J Med Chem 2006; 49: 17: 5154-5161.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lu I.L., Mahindroo N., Liang P.H. et al. Structure-based drug design and structural biology study of novel nonpeptide inhibitors of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus main protease. J Med Chem 2006; 49: 17: 5154-5161.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Han D.P., Penn-Nicholson A., Cho M.W. Identification of critical determinants on ACE2 for SARS-CoV entry and development of a potent entry inhibitor. Virology 2006; 350: 1: 15-25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Han D.P., Penn-Nicholson A., Cho M.W. Identification of critical determinants on ACE2 for SARS-CoV entry and development of a potent entry inhibitor. Virology 2006; 350: 1: 15-25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hoever G., Baltina L., Michaelis M. et al. Antiviral activity of glycyrrhizic acid derivatives against SARS-coronavirus. J Med Chem 2005; 48: 4: 1256-1259.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hoever G., Baltina L., Michaelis M. et al. Antiviral activity of glycyrrhizic acid derivatives against SARS-coronavirus. J Med Chem 2005; 48: 4: 1256-1259.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morgenstern B., Bauer G., Chandra P. et al. Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus. Lancet 2003; 361: 2045-2046.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morgenstern B., Bauer G., Chandra P. et al. Glycyrrhizin, an active component of liquorice roots, and replication of SARS-associated coronavirus. Lancet 2003; 361: 2045-2046.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yu Z., Ohtaki Y., Kai K. et al. Critical roles of platelets in lipopolysaccharide-induced lethality: effects of glycyrrhizin and possible strategy for acute respiratory distress syndrome. Int Immunopharmacol 2005; 5: 3: 571-580.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yu Z., Ohtaki Y., Kai K. et al. Critical roles of platelets in lipopolysaccharide-induced lethality: effects of glycyrrhizin and possible strategy for acute respiratory distress syndrome. Int Immunopharmacol 2005; 5: 3: 571-580.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chuan-hai Zh., Yi-fei W., Xin-jian Liu et al. Antiviral activity of cepharanthine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in vitro. Chin Med J 2005; 118: 6: 493-496.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chuan-hai Zh., Yi-fei W., Xin-jian Liu et al. Antiviral activity of cepharanthine against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus in vitro. Chin Med J 2005; 118: 6: 493-496.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fanci A.S., Touchette N.A., Folkers G.K. Emerging infections diseases: a 10-years perspective from the national institute of allergy and infections diseases. Emerg Infect Dis 2005; 11: 4: 519-525.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fanci A.S., Touchette N.A., Folkers G.K. Emerging infections diseases: a 10-years perspective from the national institute of allergy and infections diseases. Emerg Infect Dis 2005; 11: 4: 519-525.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barnard D.L., Day C.W., Bailey K. et al. Evaluation of immunomodu-lators, interferons and known in vitro SARS-CoV inhibitors for inhibition of SARS-CoV replication in BALB/c mice. Antiviral Chem Chemother 2006; 17: 5: 275-284.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barnard D.L., Day C.W., Bailey K. et al. Evaluation of immunomodu-lators, interferons and known in vitro SARS-CoV inhibitors for inhibition of SARS-CoV replication in BALB/c mice. Antiviral Chem Chemother 2006; 17: 5: 275-284.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Haagmans B.L., Kuiken T., Martina B.E., Fouchier R.A. et al. Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques. Nat Med 2004; 10: 290-293.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Haagmans B.L., Kuiken T., Martina B.E., Fouchier R.A. et al. Pegylated interferon-alpha protects type 1 pneumocytes against SARS coronavirus infection in macaques. Nat Med 2004; 10: 290-293.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barnard D.L., Day C.W., Bailey K. et al. Enhancement of the infectivity of SARS-CoV in BALB / c mice by IMP dehydrogenase inhibitors, including ribavirin. Antiviral Res. 2006; 71: 1: 53-63.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barnard D.L., Day C.W., Bailey K. et al. Enhancement of the infectivity of SARS-CoV in BALB / c mice by IMP dehydrogenase inhibitors, including ribavirin. Antiviral Res. 2006; 71: 1: 53-63.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чепурнов А.А., Дадаев А.А., Зубавиченко H.М. и др. Попытка получения вакцины против Тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома (ТОРС). Тез. Докл. Международной конф. «Развитие международного сотрудничества в области изучения инфекционных заболеваний». Сосновка, Новосибирская обл., Россия, 8-10 сентября 2004 г. ЦЭРИС, Новосибирск, 2004; 286.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Чепурнов А.А., Дадаев А.А., Зубавиченко H.М. и др. Попытка получения вакцины против Тяжелого острого респираторного синдрома (ТОРС). Тез. Докл. Международной конф. «Развитие международного сотрудничества в области изучения инфекционных заболеваний». Сосновка, Новосибирская обл., Россия, 8-10 сентября 2004 г. ЦЭРИС, Новосибирск, 2004; 286.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jin H., Xiao C., Chen Z. et al. Induction of Th1 type response by DNA vaccinations with N, M, and E genes against SARS-CoV in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 328: 4: 979-986.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jin H., Xiao C., Chen Z. et al. Induction of Th1 type response by DNA vaccinations with N, M, and E genes against SARS-CoV in mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 328: 4: 979-986.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Faber M., Lamirande E.W., Roberts A. et al. A single immunization with a rhabdovirus-based vector expressing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) S protein results in the production of high levels of SARS-CoV-neutralizing antibodies. J Gen Virol 2005; 86: 5: 1435-1440.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Faber M., Lamirande E.W., Roberts A. et al. A single immunization with a rhabdovirus-based vector expressing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) S protein results in the production of high levels of SARS-CoV-neutralizing antibodies. J Gen Virol 2005; 86: 5: 1435-1440.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang C.H., Lu J.H., Wang Y.F. et al. Immune responses in Balb / c mice induced by a candidate SARS-CoV inactivated vaccine prepared from F69 strain. Vaccine 2005; 24: 23: 3196-3201.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang C.H., Lu J.H., Wang Y.F. et al. Immune responses in Balb / c mice induced by a candidate SARS-CoV inactivated vaccine prepared from F69 strain. Vaccine 2005; 24: 23: 3196-3201.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen Z., Zhang L., Qin C. et al. Recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing the spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus induces protective neutralizing antibodies primarily targeting the receptor binding region. J Virol 2005; 5: 79: 2678-2688.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen Z., Zhang L., Qin C. et al. Recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara expressing the spike glycoprotein of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus induces protective neutralizing antibodies primarily targeting the receptor binding region. J Virol 2005; 5: 79: 2678-2688.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bisht H., Roberts A., Vogel L. et al. Neutralizing antibody and protective immunity to SARS coronavirus infection of mice induced by a soluble recombinant polypeptide containing an N-terminal segment of the spike glycoprotein. Virology 2005; 334: 2: 160-165.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bisht H., Roberts A., Vogel L. et al. Neutralizing antibody and protective immunity to SARS coronavirus infection of mice induced by a soluble recombinant polypeptide containing an N-terminal segment of the spike glycoprotein. Virology 2005; 334: 2: 160-165.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qin E., Shi H., Tang L., Wang C. et al. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy in monkeys of purified inactivated Vero-cell SARS vaccine. Vaccine 2006; 24: 7: 1028-1034.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qin E., Shi H., Tang L., Wang C. et al. Immunogenicity and protective efficacy in monkeys of purified inactivated Vero-cell SARS vaccine. Vaccine 2006; 24: 7: 1028-1034.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhou J., Wang W., Zhong Q. et al. Immunogenicity, safety, and protective efficacy of an inactivated SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in rhesus monkeys. Ibid 2005; 23: 3202-3209.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhou J., Wang W., Zhong Q. et al. Immunogenicity, safety, and protective efficacy of an inactivated SARS-associated coronavirus vaccine in rhesus monkeys. Ibid 2005; 23: 3202-3209.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roberts A., Thomas W.D., Guarner J. et al. Therapy with a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-associated coronavirus-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody reduces disease severity and viral burden in golden syrian hamsters. J Infect Dis 2006; 193: 685-692.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roberts A., Thomas W.D., Guarner J. et al. Therapy with a Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-associated coronavirus-neutralizing human monoclonal antibody reduces disease severity and viral burden in golden syrian hamsters. J Infect Dis 2006; 193: 685-692.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Czub M., Weingart H., Czub S. et al. Evalution of modified vaccinia virus Ankara based recombinant SARS vaccine in ferrets. Vaccine 2005; 23: 17-18: 2273-2279.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Czub M., Weingart H., Czub S. et al. Evalution of modified vaccinia virus Ankara based recombinant SARS vaccine in ferrets. Vaccine 2005; 23: 17-18: 2273-2279.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
