antibioticsАнтибиотики и ХимиотерапияAntibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy0235-2990ООО «Издательство ОКИ»antibiotics-486Research ArticleВ ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИКУЮЩЕМУ ВРАЧУGUIDELINES FOR PRACTITIONERSДинамика структуры возбудителей бактериемии и сепсиса у реанимационных больных в многопрофильном стационаре скорой помощиPattern Dynamics of Bacteriemia and Sepsis Pathogens in ICU Patients of Emergency ServiceЧерненькаяТ. В.ChernenkayaT. V.noemail@neicon.ruБорисоваЛ. А.BorisovaL. A.noemail@neicon.ruАлександроваИ. В.AleksandrovaI. V.noemail@neicon.ruРейС. И.ReiS. I.noemail@neicon.ruНикитинаО. В.NikitinaO. V.noemail@neicon.ruКосолаповД. А.KosolapovD. A.noemail@neicon.ruНИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. СклифосовскогоРоссияN.V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency ServiceRussian Federation201313052020585-61116Copyright © ООО «Издательство ОКИ», 20202020ООО «Издательство ОКИ»ООО «Издательство ОКИ»https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNoticehttps://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/486

Проанализированы результаты микробиологического исследования 2382 проб крови от 698 больных, находившихся на лечении в 3 реанимационных отделениях НИИ скорой помощи им. Н.В. Склифосовского в 2009-2012 гг. Роста микроорганизмов не обнаружено в 1160 (48,7%) пробах. Для дальнейшего анализа отобрано 816 штаммов микроорганизмов. За период с 2009 по 2012 гг. в общей структуре возбудителей доля грамположительных микроорганизмов уменьшилась с 51,68 до 35,9%, грамотрицательных увеличилась с 38,26 до 48,1%. Высеваемость грибов рода Candida увеличилась с 7,38 до 15,2%. Уменьшилась частота выделения S.aureus c 26,2 до 13,3%, Enterococcus spp. c 15,4 % до 11,5%. Увеличилась доля K.pneumoniae с 8,1 до 18,9%, Acinetobacter spp. с 14,1% до 17,4%. Большинство штаммов S.aureus были метициллинорезистентные. Все штаммы стафилококков были чувствительны к ванкомицину и линезолиду. Все штаммы K.pneumoniae, выделенные в 2009-2012 годах, являлись продуцентами β-лактамаз расширенного спектра действия. В 2012 году 7,8% штаммов K.pneumoniae были устойчивыми к карбапенемам. В 2012 году 25,5% штаммов Acinetobacter spp. были чувствительными к карбапенемам; 70,2% - к цефоперазону/сульбактаму.

The results of microbiological tests of 2382 blood specimens from 698 patients of three ICUs of the N. V. Sklifosovsky Research Institute of Emergency Service were analysed for a period of 2009 to 2012. No microbial growth was detected in 1160 specimens (48.7%). In the subsequent tests 816 isolates were used. The quota of grampositive isolates in the pathogen pattern decreased from 51.68 to 35.9% and that of gramnegative isolates increased from 38.26 to 48.1%. The number of the Candida isolates increased from 7.38 to 15.2%. The frequency of the S.aureus and Enterococcus spp. isolates lowered from 26.2 to 13.3% and from 15.4 to 11.5% respectively. The quota of K.pneumoniae isolates and Acinetobacter spp. increased from 8.1 to 18.9% and from 14.1 to 17.4% respectively. Most of the S.aureus isolates were methicillin resistant. All the staphylococcal isolates were susceptible to vancomycin and linezolid. All the strains of K.pneumoniae isolated in 2009-2012 produced extended spectrum beta-lactamases. In 2012 7.8% the K.pneumoniae isolates were resistant to carbapenems. In 2012 25.5% of the Acinetobacter spp. isolates were susceptible to carbapenems and 70.2% were susceptible to cefoperazon/sulbactam.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.