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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-582</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>В ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИКУЮЩЕМУ ВРАЧУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GUIDELINES FOR PRACTITIONERS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Антибиотикорезистентность и серотиповый состав Streptococcus pneumoniae, выделенных у детей в Санкт-Петербурге в 2010-2013 гг</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiotic Resistance and Serotype Pattern of Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolated from Children in St.Petersburg in 2010-2013</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калиногорская</surname><given-names>О. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalinogorskaya</surname><given-names>O. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беланов</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belanov</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Волкова</surname><given-names>М. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Volkova</surname><given-names>M. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гостев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gostev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидоренко</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidorenko</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>НИИ детских инфекций ФМБА России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Research Institute of Children's Infections</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>60</volume><issue>1-2</issue><fpage>10</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Калиногорская О.С., Беланов С.С., Волкова М.О., Гостев В.В., Сидоренко С.В., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Калиногорская О.С., Беланов С.С., Волкова М.О., Гостев В.В., Сидоренко С.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kalinogorskaya O.S., Belanov S.S., Volkova M.O., Gostev V.V., Sidorenko S.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/582">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/582</self-uri><abstract><p>Наблюдение за серотиповым составом и уровнем антибиотикорезистентности S.pneumoniae, циркулирующих в отдельных географических регионах, необходимо для обоснования рациональной этиотропной терапии пневмококковых инфекций и выбора оптимальных вакцинных препаратов для их профилактики. В исследование были включены 250 изолятов S.pneumoniae, выделенных в Санкт-Петербурге от детей с острым отитом, пневмонией, а также здоровых носителей в течение 2010-2013 годов. Анализ серотипового состава пневмококков показал, что наибольший охват обеспечивает 13-валентная конъюгированная вакцина (86,1% пневмококков, вызывающих пневмонию и 86,4% - вызывающих острый отит). У изученных изолятов выявлен высокий уровень антибиотикорезистентности к бета-лактамам и макролидам. По критериям EUCAST снижение чувствительности к пенициллину наблюдали у 32,4% изолятов, к цефотаксиму - у 14%, к эритромицину - у 33,2%, к цефтаролину наблюдалось наименьшее количество изолятов со сниженной чувствительностью - 6%. У 22,4% изолятов выявлялась ассоциированная устойчивость к пенициллину и эритромицину. Устойчивости к моксифлоксацину выявлено не было. Частота устойчивости к тетрациклину, ко-тримоксазолу и хлорамфениколу среди изолятов, выделенных у различных категорий пациентов, колебалась в пределах 30-50%. Распространение антибиотикорезистентности было наиболее характерно для изолятов, относившихся к серотипам 19A, 19F, 14 и серогруппе 6.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The surveillance of the serotype pattern and antibiotic resistance of S.pneumoniae in various geographical regions is required for the validity of rational etiotrophic therapy of pneumococcal infections and the choice of the optimal vaccines for their prophylaxis. 250 S.pneumoniae isolates from children with acute otitis or pneumonia and healthy carriers in St.Petersburg in 2010-2013 were investigated. The analysis of the serotype pattern of the pneumococci showed that 13-valent conjugate vaccine was the most active (86.1% of pneumococci causing pneumonia and 86.4% of pneumococci causing acute otitis). The isolates were higly resistant to beta-lactams and macrolides. By the EUCAST criteria, the decrease in the susceptibility to penicillin, cefotaxime, erythromycin and ceftarolin was observed in 32.4%, 14%, 33.2 and 6% of the isolates respectively. 22.4% of the isolates showed associate resistance to penicillin and erythromycin.. No resistance to moxifloxacin was detected. The frequency of resistance to tetracycline, co-trimoxasole and chloramphenicol in various patients ranged within 30-50%. The prevalence of the antibiotic resistance was mainly characteristic of the isolates serotypes 19A, 19F, 14 and serogroup 6.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дети</kwd><kwd>антибиотикорезистентность</kwd><kwd>серотиповый состав</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>S.pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>S.pneumoniae</kwd><kwd>children</kwd><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>serotype pattern</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Austrian R. The pneumococcus at the millennium: not down, not out. J Infect Dis 1999; 179: Suppl 2: S338-341.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Austrian R. The pneumococcus at the millennium: not down, not out. 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