<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-678</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Вакцинопрофилактика пневмококковый: инфекций нижних дыгхательныгх путей у взрослый: без иммуносупрессии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vaccinal Prevention of Lower Respiratory Tract Pneumococcal Disease in Adults Without Immunosuppression</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гучев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Guchev</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2016</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>13</day><month>05</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>61</volume><issue>7-8</issue><fpage>48</fpage><lpage>57</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; ООО «Издательство ОКИ», 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</copyright-holder><license xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/about/submissions#copyrightNotice</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/678">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/678</self-uri><abstract><p>Внебольничная пневмония (ВП) по-прежнему остается одной из ведущих проблем мирового здравоохранения. Пневмококковая инфекция возглавляет перечень заболеваний, которые можно предотвратить вакцинацией, ответственных за наибольшее число смертей во всем мире как у детей, так и у взрослых. Для профилактики пневмококковых инфекций и ВП у взрослых 18 лет и старше широко применяют 2 препарата - неконъюгированную полисахаридную вакцину ППВ-23 и конъюгированную 13-валентную пневмококковую вакцину ПКВ-13. В данном обзоре рассмотрены результаты ряда исследований и мета-анализов эффективности ППВ-23 и ПКВ-13 как средств профилактики инвазивных инфекций и неинвазивных ВП у взрослых без нарушений функций иммунной системы. Учитывая неопределённость результатов мета-анализов и отсутствие убедительных доказательств эффективности ППВ-23 как эффективного средства профилактики ВП у лиц с хронической патологией, не связанной с нарушением иммунитета, всё больше стран переходят на сочетанное применение ПКВ-13 и ППВ-23 с приоритетным применением конъюгированной вакцины для реализации программ по иммунизации лиц групп риска и старшего возраста. В условиях, когда в РФ массовая кампания по иммунизации детей первых лет жизни с применением ПКВ-13 только началась, ожидать актуализации дополнительных серотипов пневмококка, не включённых в состав конъюгированной вакцины преждевременно, в связи с чем риско-возрастная стратегия вакцинации взрослых должна быть основана на приоритетном применении ПКВ-13.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains one of the major healthcare problems globally. Pneumococcal disease is the leading cause of deaths among vaccine preventable diseases in children and adults. Plain polysaccharide vaccine PPSV-23 and conjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine PCV-13 are widely used to prevent pneumococcal disease and CAP in adults without immunosuppression. The review concerns the results of trials and meta-analysis of PPSV-23 and PCV-13 effectiveness in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and CAP prevention in immunocompetent adults. More and more expert immunization committees in different countries are taking into consideration uncertain effectiveness of PPSV-23 in CAP prevention in immunocompetent adults, and recommend the PCV-13 priority use for mass immunization campaigns in high-risk groups and elder population. Since the Russian Federation has started the PCV-13 vaccination campaign for early childhood only at the end of 2014, the anticipated serotype replacement should not be taken into consideration at the moment across all the age groups, and therefore the risk and age based approach to adult vaccination should be used with the PCV-13 priority.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внебольничная пневмония</kwd><kwd>пневмококковая инфекция</kwd><kwd>вакцинация</kwd><kwd>пневмококковая конъюгированная вакцина</kwd><kwd>пневмококковая полисахаридная вакцина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>community-acquired pneumonia</kwd><kwd>pneumococcal disease</kwd><kwd>vaccination</kwd><kwd>pneumococcal conjugate vaccine</kwd><kwd>pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rozenbaum M.H., Pechlivanoglou P., van der Werf T.S., Lo-Ten-Foe J.R., Postma M.J., Hak E. The role of Streptococcus pneumoniae in community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Europe: a meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 32 (3): 305-316. doi: 10.1007/s10096-012-1778-4. PubMed PMID: 23242464.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rozenbaum M.H., Pechlivanoglou P., van der Werf T.S., Lo-Ten-Foe J.R., Postma M.J., Hak E. The role of Streptococcus pneumoniae in community-acquired pneumonia among adults in Europe: a meta-analysis. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 32 (3): 305-316. doi: 10.1007/s10096-012-1778-4. PubMed PMID: 23242464.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chuchalin A.G. Pneumonia: the urgent problem of 21st century medicine. Ter Arkh 2016; 88 (3): 4-12. PubMed PMID: 27191017.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chuchalin A.G. Pneumonia: the urgent problem of 21st century medicine. Ter Arkh 2016; 88 (3): 4-12. PubMed PMID: 27191017.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guchev I.A., Gray G.C., Klochkov O.I. Two regimens of azithromycin prophylaxis against community-acquired respiratory and skin/soft-tissue infections among military trainees. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38 (8): 1095-1101. PubMed PMID: 15095213.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guchev I.A., Gray G.C., Klochkov O.I. Two regimens of azithromycin prophylaxis against community-acquired respiratory and skin/soft-tissue infections among military trainees. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 38 (8): 1095-1101. PubMed PMID: 15095213.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Николенко E.E. Внебольничные пневмонии у военнослужащих: проблемы и пути их решения. Здоровье. Мед экол. Наука 2015; 59 (1): 66-69. / Nikolenko E.E. Vnebol'nichnye pnevmonii u voennosluzhashhih: problemy i puti ih reshenija. Zdorov'e. Med jekol. Nauka 2015; 59 (1): 66-69. [in Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Николенко E.E. Внебольничные пневмонии у военнослужащих: проблемы и пути их решения. Здоровье. Мед экол. Наука 2015; 59 (1): 66-69. / Nikolenko E.E. Vnebol'nichnye pnevmonii u voennosluzhashhih: problemy i puti ih reshenija. Zdorov'e. Med jekol. Nauka 2015; 59 (1): 66-69. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Жоголев С.Д., Огарков П.И., Жоголев К.Д., Иванников Ю.Г., Шипицын К.С., Колесников В.В. et al. Эпидемиология и профилактика внебольничной пневмонии у военнослужащих. Военно-мед журн 2013; 334 (11): 55-60. / Zhogolev S.D., Ogarkov P.I., Zhogolev K.D., Ivannikov Ju.G, Shipicyn K.S, Kolesnikov V.V. et al. Jepidemiologija i profilaktika vnebol'nichnoi pnevmonii u voennosluzhashhih. Voenno-med zhurn 2013; 334 (11): 55-60. [in Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Жоголев С.Д., Огарков П.И., Жоголев К.Д., Иванников Ю.Г., Шипицын К.С., Колесников В.В. et al. Эпидемиология и профилактика внебольничной пневмонии у военнослужащих. Военно-мед журн 2013; 334 (11): 55-60. / Zhogolev S.D., Ogarkov P.I., Zhogolev K.D., Ivannikov Ju.G, Shipicyn K.S, Kolesnikov V.V. et al. Jepidemiologija i profilaktika vnebol'nichnoi pnevmonii u voennosluzhashhih. Voenno-med zhurn 2013; 334 (11): 55-60. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Биличенко Т.Н., Аргунова А.Н., Антонова О.А., Соловьев К.И., Гладин С.А., Никитина H.H. др. Частота пневмококковой пневмонии у взрослых больных терапевтических стационаров на трех территориях Российской Федерации. Пульмонология 2013; 4: 29-36. / Bilichenko T.N., Argunova A.N., Antonova O.A., Solov'ev K.I., Gladin S.A., Nikitina N.N. dr. Chastota pnevmokokkovoj pnevmonii u vzroslyh bol'nyh terapevticheskih stacionarov na treh territorijah Rossijskoj Federacii. Pul'monologija 2013; 4: 29-36. [in Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Биличенко Т.Н., Аргунова А.Н., Антонова О.А., Соловьев К.И., Гладин С.А., Никитина H.H. др. Частота пневмококковой пневмонии у взрослых больных терапевтических стационаров на трех территориях Российской Федерации. Пульмонология 2013; 4: 29-36. / Bilichenko T.N., Argunova A.N., Antonova O.A., Solov'ev K.I., Gladin S.A., Nikitina N.N. dr. Chastota pnevmokokkovoj pnevmonii u vzroslyh bol'nyh terapevticheskih stacionarov na treh territorijah Rossijskoj Federacii. Pul'monologija 2013; 4: 29-36. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Иванчик Н.В., Козлов С.Н., Рачина С.А., Кречикова О.И., Синятникова Т.М. Антибиотикорезистентность возбудителей фатальных внебольничных пневмоний у взрослых. Клин микробиол антимикроб химиотер 2008; 10 (4): 368-80. / Ivanchik N.V., Kozlov S.N., Rachina S.A., Krechikova O.I., Sinjatnikova T.M. Antibiotikorezistentnost' vozbuditelei fatal'nyh vnebol'nichnyh pnevmonii u vzroslyh. Klin mikrobiol antimikrob himioter 2008; 10 (4): 368-80. [in Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Иванчик Н.В., Козлов С.Н., Рачина С.А., Кречикова О.И., Синятникова Т.М. Антибиотикорезистентность возбудителей фатальных внебольничных пневмоний у взрослых. Клин микробиол антимикроб химиотер 2008; 10 (4): 368-80. / Ivanchik N.V., Kozlov S.N., Rachina S.A., Krechikova O.I., Sinjatnikova T.M. Antibiotikorezistentnost' vozbuditelei fatal'nyh vnebol'nichnyh pnevmonii u vzroslyh. Klin mikrobiol antimikrob himioter 2008; 10 (4): 368-80. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Said M.A., Johnson H.L., Nonyane B.A., Deloria-Knoll M., O'Brien K.L., Team A.A.P.B.S. et al. Estimating the burden of pneumococcal pneumonia among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic techniques. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(4):e60273. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060273. PubMed PMID: 23565216; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3615022.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Said M.A., Johnson H.L., Nonyane B.A., Deloria-Knoll M., O'Brien K.L., Team A.A.P.B.S. et al. Estimating the burden of pneumococcal pneumonia among adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic techniques. PLoS ONE. 2013;8(4):e60273. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060273. PubMed PMID: 23565216; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC3615022.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Torres A., Blasi F., Peetermans W.E., Viegi G., Welte T. The aetiology and antibiotic management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Europe: a literature review. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 33 (7): 1065-1079. doi: 10.1007/s10096-014-2067-1. PubMed PMID: 24532008; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4042014.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Torres A., Blasi F., Peetermans W.E., Viegi G., Welte T. The aetiology and antibiotic management of community-acquired pneumonia in adults in Europe: a literature review. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2014; 33 (7): 1065-1079. doi: 10.1007/s10096-014-2067-1. PubMed PMID: 24532008; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4042014.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guchev I.A., Yu V.L., Sinopalnikov A., Klochkov O.I., Kozlov R.S., Stratchounski L.S. Management of nonsevere pneumonia in military trainees with the urinary antigen test for Streptococcus pneumoniae: an innovative approach to targeted therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 40 (11): 1608-1616. doi: 10.1086/429919. PubMed PMID: 15889358.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guchev I.A., Yu V.L., Sinopalnikov A., Klochkov O.I., Kozlov R.S., Stratchounski L.S. Management of nonsevere pneumonia in military trainees with the urinary antigen test for Streptococcus pneumoniae: an innovative approach to targeted therapy. Clin Infect Dis 2005; 40 (11): 1608-1616. doi: 10.1086/429919. PubMed PMID: 15889358.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bruns A.H., Oosterheert J.J., Cucciolillo M.C., El Moussaoui R., Groenwold R.H., Prins J.M. et al. Cause-specific long-term mortality rates in patients recovered from community-acquired pneumonia as compared with the general Dutch population. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17 (5): 763-768. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03296.x. PubMed PMID: 20807226.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bruns A.H., Oosterheert J.J., Cucciolillo M.C., El Moussaoui R., Groenwold R.H., Prins J.M. et al. Cause-specific long-term mortality rates in patients recovered from community-acquired pneumonia as compared with the general Dutch population. Clin Microbiol Infect 2011; 17 (5): 763-768. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2010.03296.x. PubMed PMID: 20807226.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Montull B., Menendez R., Torres A., Reyes S., Mendez R., Zalacain R. et al. Predictors of severe sepsis among patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia. PLoS oNe 2016; 11 (1): e0145929. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145929. PubMed PMID: 26727202; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4699794.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Montull B., Menendez R., Torres A., Reyes S., Mendez R., Zalacain R. et al. Predictors of severe sepsis among patients hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia. PLoS oNe 2016; 11 (1): e0145929. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0145929. PubMed PMID: 26727202; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4699794.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pelton S.I., Shea K.M., Weycker D., Farkouh R.A., Strutton D.R., Edelsberg J. Rethinking risk for pneumococcal disease in adults: the role of risk stacking. Open Forum Infect Dis 2015; 2 (1): ofv020. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofv020. PubMed PMID: 26034770; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4438900.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pelton S.I., Shea K.M., Weycker D., Farkouh R.A., Strutton D.R., Edelsberg J. Rethinking risk for pneumococcal disease in adults: the role of risk stacking. Open Forum Infect Dis 2015; 2 (1): ofv020. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofv020. PubMed PMID: 26034770; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4438900.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Вакцинопрофилактика пневмококковой инфекции. Федеральные клинические рекомендации. М.: 2015; 24. Доступно на URL: https://www.rosminzdrav.ru/poleznye-resursy/klinicheskie-rekomendatsii-po-vaktsinoprofilaktike-pnevmokokkovoy-infektsii. / Vakcinoprofilaktika pnevmokokkovoj infekcii. Federal'nye klinicheskie rekomendacii. M.: 2015; 24. Dostupno na URL: https://www.rosminzdrav.ru/poleznye-resursy/klinicheskie-rekomendatsii-po-vaktsinoprofilaktike-pnevmokokkovoy-infektsii. [in Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Вакцинопрофилактика пневмококковой инфекции. Федеральные клинические рекомендации. М.: 2015; 24. Доступно на URL: https://www.rosminzdrav.ru/poleznye-resursy/klinicheskie-rekomendatsii-po-vaktsinoprofilaktike-pnevmokokkovoy-infektsii. / Vakcinoprofilaktika pnevmokokkovoj infekcii. Federal'nye klinicheskie rekomendacii. M.: 2015; 24. Dostupno na URL: https://www.rosminzdrav.ru/poleznye-resursy/klinicheskie-rekomendatsii-po-vaktsinoprofilaktike-pnevmokokkovoy-infektsii. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aliberti S., Mantero M., Mirsaeidi M., Blasi F. The role of vaccination in preventing pneumococcal disease in adults. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20: Suppl 5: 52-58. doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12518. PubMed PMID: 24410778; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4473770.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aliberti S., Mantero M., Mirsaeidi M., Blasi F. The role of vaccination in preventing pneumococcal disease in adults. Clin Microbiol Infect 2014; 20: Suppl 5: 52-58. doi: 10.1111/1469-0691.12518. PubMed PMID: 24410778; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4473770.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van der Poll T., Opal S.M. Pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia. Lancet 2009; 374 (9700): 1543-56. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61114-4. PubMed PMID: 19880020.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van der Poll T., Opal S.M. Pathogenesis, treatment, and prevention of pneumococcal pneumonia. Lancet 2009; 374 (9700): 1543-56. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61114-4. PubMed PMID: 19880020.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Criner G.J., Bourbeau J., Diekemper R.L., Ouellette D.R., Goodridge D., Hernandez P. et al. Prevention of acute exacerbations of COPD: American College of Chest Physicians and Canadian Thoracic Society Guideline. Chest 2015; 147 (4): 894-942. doi: 10.1378/chest.14-1676. PubMed PMID: 25321320; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4388124.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Criner G.J., Bourbeau J., Diekemper R.L., Ouellette D.R., Goodridge D., Hernandez P. et al. Prevention of acute exacerbations of COPD: American College of Chest Physicians and Canadian Thoracic Society Guideline. Chest 2015; 147 (4): 894-942. doi: 10.1378/chest.14-1676. PubMed PMID: 25321320; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4388124.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dransfield M.T., Harnden S., Burton R.L., Albert R.K., Bailey W.C., Casaburi R. et al. Long-term comparative immunogenicity of protein conjugate and free polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccines in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 55 (5): e35-44. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis513. PubMed PMID: 22652582; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3491850.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dransfield M.T., Harnden S., Burton R.L., Albert R.K., Bailey W.C., Casaburi R. et al. Long-term comparative immunogenicity of protein conjugate and free polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccines in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Clin Infect Dis 2012; 55 (5): e35-44. doi: 10.1093/cid/cis513. PubMed PMID: 22652582; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3491850.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dransfield M.T., Nahm M.H., Han M.K., Harnden S., Criner G.J., Martinez F.J. et al. Superior immune response to protein-conjugate versus free pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 2009; 180 (6): 499-505. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200903-0488OC. PubMed PMID: 19556517; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2742743.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dransfield M.T., Nahm M.H., Han M.K., Harnden S., Criner G.J., Martinez F.J. et al. Superior immune response to protein-conjugate versus free pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine. 2009; 180 (6): 499-505. doi: 10.1164/rccm.200903-0488OC. PubMed PMID: 19556517; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2742743.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Мартынова А.В., Балабанова Л.А., Чулакова О.А. Мультилокусное сиквенстипирование штаммов Streptococcus pneumoniae, выделенных у пациентов пожилого возраста с внебольничными пневмониями. Бюлл сибир мед 2014; 13 (3): 40-405. / Martynova A.V., Balabanova L.A., Chulakova O.A. Mul'tilokusnoe sikvenstipirovanie shtammov Streptococcus pneumoniae, vydelennyh u pacientov pozhilogo vozrasta s vnebol'nichnymi pnevmonijami. Bjull sibir med 2014; 13 (3): 40-405. [in Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Мартынова А.В., Балабанова Л.А., Чулакова О.А. Мультилокусное сиквенстипирование штаммов Streptococcus pneumoniae, выделенных у пациентов пожилого возраста с внебольничными пневмониями. Бюлл сибир мед 2014; 13 (3): 40-405. / Martynova A.V., Balabanova L.A., Chulakova O.A. Mul'tilokusnoe sikvenstipirovanie shtammov Streptococcus pneumoniae, vydelennyh u pacientov pozhilogo vozrasta s vnebol'nichnymi pnevmonijami. Bjull sibir med 2014; 13 (3): 40-405. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Лобзин Ю., Сидоренко С., Харит С., Беланов С., Волкова М., Гостев В. et al. Серотипы Streptococcus pneumoniae, вызывающие ведущие ологичнеские формы певмококковых инфекций. Журн инфектол 2013; 5 (4): 35-41. / Lobzin Ju., Sidorenko S., Hart S., Belanov S., Volkova M., Gostev V. et al. Serotipy Streptococcus pneumoniae, vyzyvajushhie vedushhie ologichneskie formy pevmokokkovyh infekcij. Zhurn infektol 2013; 5 (4): 35-41. [in Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Лобзин Ю., Сидоренко С., Харит С., Беланов С., Волкова М., Гостев В. et al. Серотипы Streptococcus pneumoniae, вызывающие ведущие ологичнеские формы певмококковых инфекций. Журн инфектол 2013; 5 (4): 35-41. / Lobzin Ju., Sidorenko S., Hart S., Belanov S., Volkova M., Gostev V. et al. Serotipy Streptococcus pneumoniae, vyzyvajushhie vedushhie ologichneskie formy pevmokokkovyh infekcij. Zhurn infektol 2013; 5 (4): 35-41. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фельдблюм И.В., Семериков В.В., Голоднова С.О., Николенко В.В., Захарова Ю.А., Воробьева H.H. Результаты серотипирования штаммов S.pneumoniae, циркулирующих на территории г. Перми. Здоровье семьи - 21 Век [Internet]. 2013 Апрель 06, 2016; 2(2):[194-203 pp.]. Available from: http://www.fh-21.perm.ru/download/2013-2-15.pdf. / Feldbljum I.V., Semerikov V.V., Golodnova S.O., Nikolenko V.V., Zaharova Ju.A., Vorob'eva N.N. Rezul'taty serotipirovanija shtammov S.pneumoniae, cirkulirujushhih na territorii g. Permi. Zdorov'e sem'i - 21 Vek [Internet]. 2013 Aprel' 06, 2016; 2(2):[194-203 pp.]. Available from: http://www.fh-perm.ru/download/2013-2-15.pdf. [in Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Фельдблюм И.В., Семериков В.В., Голоднова С.О., Николенко В.В., Захарова Ю.А., Воробьева H.H. Результаты серотипирования штаммов S.pneumoniae, циркулирующих на территории г. Перми. Здоровье семьи - 21 Век [Internet]. 2013 Апрель 06, 2016; 2(2):[194-203 pp.]. Available from: http://www.fh-21.perm.ru/download/2013-2-15.pdf. / Feldbljum I.V., Semerikov V.V., Golodnova S.O., Nikolenko V.V., Zaharova Ju.A., Vorob'eva N.N. Rezul'taty serotipirovanija shtammov S.pneumoniae, cirkulirujushhih na territorii g. Permi. Zdorov'e sem'i - 21 Vek [Internet]. 2013 Aprel' 06, 2016; 2(2):[194-203 pp.]. Available from: http://www.fh-perm.ru/download/2013-2-15.pdf. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Николенко В.В., Фельдблюм И.В., Воробёва H.H. Серотипы Streptococcus pneumoniae, обусловливающие разе внебольничной пневмонии у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов. Практ мед 2014; 7 (83): 40-42. / Nikolenko V.V., Feldbljum I.V., Vorobjova N.N. Serotipy Streptococcus pneumoniae, obuslovlivajushhie raze vnebol'nichnoj pnev-monii u VICh-inficirovannyh pacientov. Prakt med 2014; 7 (83): 40-42. [in Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Николенко В.В., Фельдблюм И.В., Воробёва H.H. Серотипы Streptococcus pneumoniae, обусловливающие разе внебольничной пневмонии у ВИЧ-инфицированных пациентов. Практ мед 2014; 7 (83): 40-42. / Nikolenko V.V., Feldbljum I.V., Vorobjova N.N. Serotipy Streptococcus pneumoniae, obuslovlivajushhie raze vnebol'nichnoj pnev-monii u VICh-inficirovannyh pacientov. Prakt med 2014; 7 (83): 40-42. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Огарков П.И., Жоголев С.Д. Материалы научной конференции 200-летия Военно-медицинской академии, СПб.: 1999: 223-227. / Ogarkov P.I., Zhogolev S.D. Materialy nauchnoj konferencii 200-letija Voenno-medicinskoj akademii, SPb.: 1999: 223-227. [in Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Огарков П.И., Жоголев С.Д. Материалы научной конференции 200-летия Военно-медицинской академии, СПб.: 1999: 223-227. / Ogarkov P.I., Zhogolev S.D. Materialy nauchnoj konferencii 200-letija Voenno-medicinskoj akademii, SPb.: 1999: 223-227. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Калиногорская О.С., Беланов С.С., Волкова М.О., Гостев В.В., Сидоренко С. В. Антибиотикорезистентность и серотиповый состав Streptococcus pneumoniae, выделенных у детей в Санкт-Петербурге в 2010-2013 гг. Антибиотики и химотер 2015; 60 (1-2): 10-8. / Kalinogorskaja O.S., Belanov S.S., Volkova M.O., Gostev V.V., Sidorenko S.V. Antibiotikorezistentnost' i serotipovyj sostav Streptococcus pneumoniae, vydelennyh u detej v Sankt-Peterburge v 2010-2013 gg. Antibiotiki i himoter 2015; 60 (1-2): 10-8. [in Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Калиногорская О.С., Беланов С.С., Волкова М.О., Гостев В.В., Сидоренко С. В. Антибиотикорезистентность и серотиповый состав Streptococcus pneumoniae, выделенных у детей в Санкт-Петербурге в 2010-2013 гг. Антибиотики и химотер 2015; 60 (1-2): 10-8. / Kalinogorskaja O.S., Belanov S.S., Volkova M.O., Gostev V.V., Sidorenko S.V. Antibiotikorezistentnost' i serotipovyj sostav Streptococcus pneumoniae, vydelennyh u detej v Sankt-Peterburge v 2010-2013 gg. Antibiotiki i himoter 2015; 60 (1-2): 10-8. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Холодок Г.Н., Евсеева Г.П., Ивахнишина Н.М., Гарбуз Ю.А., Морозова Н.В., Козлов В.К. Актуальность вакцинопрофилактики пневмококковой инфекции в г. Хабаровске. Инфекц бол иммунол иммунотер 2014; 3: 29-33. / Holodok G.N., Evseeva G.P., Ivahnishina N.M., Garbuz Ju.A., Morozova N.V., Kozlov V.K. Aktual'nost' vakcinoprofilaktiki pnevmokokkovoj infekcii v g. Habarovske. Infekc bol immunol immunot-er 2014; 3: 29-33. [in Russian]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Холодок Г.Н., Евсеева Г.П., Ивахнишина Н.М., Гарбуз Ю.А., Морозова Н.В., Козлов В.К. Актуальность вакцинопрофилактики пневмококковой инфекции в г. Хабаровске. Инфекц бол иммунол иммунотер 2014; 3: 29-33. / Holodok G.N., Evseeva G.P., Ivahnishina N.M., Garbuz Ju.A., Morozova N.V., Kozlov V.K. Aktual'nost' vakcinoprofilaktiki pnevmokokkovoj infekcii v g. Habarovske. Infekc bol immunol immunot-er 2014; 3: 29-33. [in Russian]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mayanskiy N., Alyabieva N., Ponomarenko O., Lazareva A., Katosova L., Ivanenko A. et al. Serotypes and antibiotic resistance of non-invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae circulating in pediatric hospitals in Moscow, Russia. Int J Infect Dis 2014; 20: 58-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2013.11.005. PubMed PMID: 24462930.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mayanskiy N., Alyabieva N., Ponomarenko O., Lazareva A., Katosova L., Ivanenko A. et al. Serotypes and antibiotic resistance of non-invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae circulating in pediatric hospitals in Moscow, Russia. Int J Infect Dis 2014; 20: 58-62. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2013.11.005. PubMed PMID: 24462930.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Song J.Y., Nahm M.H., Cheong H.J., Kim W.J. Impact of preceding flu-like illness on the serotype distribution of pneumococcal pneumonia. PLoS ONE 2014; 9 (4): e93477. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093477. PubMed PMID: 24691515; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3972234.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Song J.Y., Nahm M.H., Cheong H.J., Kim W.J. Impact of preceding flu-like illness on the serotype distribution of pneumococcal pneumonia. PLoS ONE 2014; 9 (4): e93477. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093477. PubMed PMID: 24691515; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3972234.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ochoa-Gondar O., Gomez-Bertomeu F., Vila-Corcoles A., Raga X., Aguirre C., Utrera J. et al. [Prevalence of serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease in the region of Tarragona, Spain, 2006-2009: vaccine-serotype coverage for the distinct antipneumococcal vaccine formulations]. Rev Esp Quimioter 2015; 28 (1): 29-35. PubMed PMID: 25690142.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ochoa-Gondar O., Gomez-Bertomeu F., Vila-Corcoles A., Raga X., Aguirre C., Utrera J. et al. [Prevalence of serotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease in the region of Tarragona, Spain, 2006-2009: vaccine-serotype coverage for the distinct antipneumococcal vaccine formulations]. Rev Esp Quimioter 2015; 28 (1): 29-35. PubMed PMID: 25690142.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vila-Corcoles A., Ochoa-Gondar O., Gomez-Bertomeu F., Raga-Luria X., Group E.S. Invasive pneumococcal disease in Catalonian elderly people, 2002-2009: serotype coverage for different anti-pneumococcal vaccine formulations at the beginning of the new conjugate vaccines era. Vaccine 2011; 29 (43): 7430-7434. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.066. PubMed PMID: 21803108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vila-Corcoles A., Ochoa-Gondar O., Gomez-Bertomeu F., Raga-Luria X., Group E.S. Invasive pneumococcal disease in Catalonian elderly people, 2002-2009: serotype coverage for different anti-pneumococcal vaccine formulations at the beginning of the new conjugate vaccines era. Vaccine 2011; 29 (43): 7430-7434. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.066. PubMed PMID: 21803108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vila-Corcoles A., Ansa X., Ochoa-Gondar O., Satue E., de Diego C., Rodriguez-Bianco T. et al. Pneumococcal pneumonia in adults 60 years or older: incidence, mortality and prevention. Med Clin 2015. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2015.09.015. PubMed PMID: 26654560.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vila-Corcoles A., Ansa X., Ochoa-Gondar O., Satue E., de Diego C., Rodriguez-Bianco T. et al. Pneumococcal pneumonia in adults 60 years or older: incidence, mortality and prevention. Med Clin 2015. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2015.09.015. PubMed PMID: 26654560.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tomczyk S., Lynfiield R., Schaffner W., Reingold A., Miller L., Petit S. et al. Prevention of antibiotic-nonsusceptible invasive pneumococcal disease with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Clin Infect Dis 2016; 62 (9): 1119-1125. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw067. PubMed PMID: 26908787.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tomczyk S., Lynfiield R., Schaffner W., Reingold A., Miller L., Petit S. et al. Prevention of antibiotic-nonsusceptible invasive pneumococcal disease with the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine. Clin Infect Dis 2016; 62 (9): 1119-1125. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciw067. PubMed PMID: 26908787.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim L., McGee L., Tomczyk S., Beall B. Biological and epidemiological features of antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in pre- and postconjugate vaccine eras: a United States perspective. Clin microbiol rev 2016; 29 (3): 525-552. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00058-15. PubMed PMID: 27076637.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim L., McGee L., Tomczyk S., Beall B. Biological and epidemiological features of antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae in pre- and postconjugate vaccine eras: a United States perspective. Clin microbiol rev 2016; 29 (3): 525-552. doi: 10.1128/CMR.00058-15. PubMed PMID: 27076637.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">National Vaccine Advisory Committee. A Call for Greater Consideration for the Role of Vaccines in National Strategies to Combat Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: Recommendations from the National Vaccine Advisory Committee: Approved by the National Vaccine Advisory Committee on June 10, 2015. Public Health Rep 2016; 131 (1): 11-16. PubMed PMID: 26843664; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4716466.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">National Vaccine Advisory Committee. A Call for Greater Consideration for the Role of Vaccines in National Strategies to Combat Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria: Recommendations from the National Vaccine Advisory Committee: Approved by the National Vaccine Advisory Committee on June 10, 2015. Public Health Rep 2016; 131 (1): 11-16. PubMed PMID: 26843664; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4716466.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Grabenstein J.D., Musey L.K. Differences in serious clinical outcomes of infection caused by specific pneumococcal serotypes among adults. Vaccine 2014; 32 (21): 2399-2405. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.02.096. PubMed PMID: 24637174.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Grabenstein J.D., Musey L.K. Differences in serious clinical outcomes of infection caused by specific pneumococcal serotypes among adults. Vaccine 2014; 32 (21): 2399-2405. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.02.096. PubMed PMID: 24637174.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tatochenko V., Sidorenko S., Namazova-Baranova L., Mayanskiy N., Kulichenko T., Baranov A. et al. Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype distribution in children in the Russian Federation before the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines into the National Immunization Program. Expert Rev Vac 2014; 13 (2): 257-264. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2013.871205. PubMed PMID: 24350587.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tatochenko V., Sidorenko S., Namazova-Baranova L., Mayanskiy N., Kulichenko T., Baranov A. et al. Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype distribution in children in the Russian Federation before the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines into the National Immunization Program. Expert Rev Vac 2014; 13 (2): 257-264. doi: 10.1586/14760584.2013.871205. PubMed PMID: 24350587.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahl J., Littorin N., Forsgren A., Odenholt I., Resman F., Riesbeck K. High incidence of septic shock caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3--a retrospective epidemiological study. BMC Infect Dis 2013; 13: 492. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-492. PubMed PMID: 24148181; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4015877.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ahl J., Littorin N., Forsgren A., Odenholt I., Resman F., Riesbeck K. High incidence of septic shock caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 3--a retrospective epidemiological study. BMC Infect Dis 2013; 13: 492. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-492. PubMed PMID: 24148181; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4015877.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Weinberger D.M., Harboe Z.B., Sanders E.A., Ndiritu M., Klugman K.P., Ruckinger S. et al. Association of serotype with risk of death due to pneumococcal pneumonia: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2010; 51 (6): 692- 699. doi: 10.1086/655828. PubMed PMID: 20715907; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2927802.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Weinberger D.M., Harboe Z.B., Sanders E.A., Ndiritu M., Klugman K.P., Ruckinger S. et al. Association of serotype with risk of death due to pneumococcal pneumonia: a meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2010; 51 (6): 692- 699. doi: 10.1086/655828. PubMed PMID: 20715907; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2927802.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rodrigo C., Bewick T., Sheppard C., Greenwood S., McKeever T.M., Trotter C.L. et al. Impact of infant 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on serotypes in adult pneumonia. Eur Respir J 2015; 45 (6): 1632-1641. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00183614. PubMed PMID: 25792633.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rodrigo C., Bewick T., Sheppard C., Greenwood S., McKeever T.M., Trotter C.L. et al. Impact of infant 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine on serotypes in adult pneumonia. Eur Respir J 2015; 45 (6): 1632-1641. doi: 10.1183/09031936.00183614. PubMed PMID: 25792633.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chalmers J.D., Campling J., Dicker A., Woodhead M., Madhava H. A systematic review of the burden of vaccine preventable pneumococcal disease in UK adults. BMC Pulm Med 2016;16 (1): 77. doi: 10.1186/s12890-016-0242-0. PubMed PMID: 27169895; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4864929.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chalmers J.D., Campling J., Dicker A., Woodhead M., Madhava H. A systematic review of the burden of vaccine preventable pneumococcal disease in UK adults. BMC Pulm Med 2016;16 (1): 77. doi: 10.1186/s12890-016-0242-0. PubMed PMID: 27169895; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4864929.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moore M.R., Link-Gelles R., Schaffner W., Lynfield R., Lexau C., Bennett N.M. et al. Effect of use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children on invasive pneumococcal disease in children and adults in the USA: analysis of multisite, population-based surveillance. The Lancet Infect Dis 2015; 15 (3): 301-309. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)71081-3. PubMed PMID: 25656600.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moore M.R., Link-Gelles R., Schaffner W., Lynfield R., Lexau C., Bennett N.M. et al. Effect of use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in children on invasive pneumococcal disease in children and adults in the USA: analysis of multisite, population-based surveillance. The Lancet Infect Dis 2015; 15 (3): 301-309. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)71081-3. PubMed PMID: 25656600.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Slotved H.C., Dalby T., Hoffmann S. The effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease caused by ten non-vaccine serotypes in Denmark. Vaccine 2016; 34 (6): 769-774. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.12.056. PubMed PMID: 26772630.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Slotved H.C., Dalby T., Hoffmann S. The effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease caused by ten non-vaccine serotypes in Denmark. Vaccine 2016; 34 (6): 769-774. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.12.056. PubMed PMID: 26772630.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van der Linden M., Falkenhorst G., Perniciaro S., Imohl M. Effects of infant pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on serotype distribution in invasive pneumococcal disease among children and adults in Germany. PLoS ONE 2015; 10 (7): e0131494. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131494. PubMed PMID: 26132078; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4488910.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van der Linden M., Falkenhorst G., Perniciaro S., Imohl M. Effects of infant pneumococcal conjugate vaccination on serotype distribution in invasive pneumococcal disease among children and adults in Germany. PLoS ONE 2015; 10 (7): e0131494. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131494. PubMed PMID: 26132078; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4488910.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van der Linden M., Perniciaro S., Imohl M. Increase of serotypes 15A and 23B in IPD in Germany in the PCV13 vaccination era. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15: 207. doi: 10.1186/s12879-015-0941-9. PubMed PMID: 25940580; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4424534.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van der Linden M., Perniciaro S., Imohl M. Increase of serotypes 15A and 23B in IPD in Germany in the PCV13 vaccination era. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15: 207. doi: 10.1186/s12879-015-0941-9. PubMed PMID: 25940580; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4424534.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tin Tin Htar M., Christopoulou D., Schmitt H.J. Pneumococcal serotype evolution in Western Europe. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15: 419. doi: 10.1186/s12879-015-1147-x. PubMed PMID: 26468008; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4606906.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tin Tin Htar M., Christopoulou D., Schmitt H.J. Pneumococcal serotype evolution in Western Europe. BMC Infect Dis 2015; 15: 419. doi: 10.1186/s12879-015-1147-x. PubMed PMID: 26468008; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4606906.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Herrero F.S., Cardona C.G., Palop N.T., Fabrellas N.T., Briones M.L., Juan A.C. et al. The potential role of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugatevaccine in preventing respiratory complications in bacteraemic pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia. Vaccine 2016; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016Xj.vaccine.2016.01.038.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Herrero F.S., Cardona C.G., Palop N.T., Fabrellas N.T., Briones M.L., Juan A.C. et al. The potential role of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugatevaccine in preventing respiratory complications in bacteraemic pneumococcal community-acquired pneumonia. Vaccine 2016; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016Xj.vaccine.2016.01.038.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Rossum A.M., Lysenko E.S., Weiser J.N. Host and bacterial factors contributing to the clearance of colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae in a murine model. Infect Immun 2005; 73 (11): 7718-7726. doi: 10.1128/IAI.73.11.7718-7726.2005. PubMed PMID: 16239576; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC1273875.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Rossum A.M., Lysenko E.S., Weiser J.N. Host and bacterial factors contributing to the clearance of colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae in a murine model. Infect Immun 2005; 73 (11): 7718-7726. doi: 10.1128/IAI.73.11.7718-7726.2005. PubMed PMID: 16239576; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC1273875.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Trzcinski K., Thompson C.M., Srivastava A., Basset A., Malley R., Lipsitch M. Protection against nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae is mediated by antigen-specific CD4+ T cells. Infect Immun 2008; 76 (6): 2678-2684. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00141-08. PubMed PMID: 18391006; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2423086.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Trzcinski K., Thompson C.M., Srivastava A., Basset A., Malley R., Lipsitch M. Protection against nasopharyngeal colonization by Streptococcus pneumoniae is mediated by antigen-specific CD4+ T cells. Infect Immun 2008; 76 (6): 2678-2684. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00141-08. PubMed PMID: 18391006; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2423086.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Malley R., Trzcinski K., Srivastava A., Thompson C.M., Anderson P.W., Lipsitch M. CD4+ T cells mediate antibody-independent acquired immunity to pneumococcal colonization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States ofAmerica. 2005; 102 (13): 4848-53. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0501254102. PubMed PMID: 15781870; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC555733.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Malley R., Trzcinski K., Srivastava A., Thompson C.M., Anderson P.W., Lipsitch M. CD4+ T cells mediate antibody-independent acquired immunity to pneumococcal colonization. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States ofAmerica. 2005; 102 (13): 4848-53. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0501254102. PubMed PMID: 15781870; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC555733.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Palacios G., Hornig M., Cisterna D., Savji N., Bussetti A.V., Kapoor V. et al. Streptococcus pneumoniae coinfection is correlated with the severity of H1N1 pandemic influenza. PLoS ONE 2009; 4 (12): e8540. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008540. PubMed PMID: 20046873; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2795195.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Palacios G., Hornig M., Cisterna D., Savji N., Bussetti A.V., Kapoor V. et al. Streptococcus pneumoniae coinfection is correlated with the severity of H1N1 pandemic influenza. PLoS ONE 2009; 4 (12): e8540. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008540. PubMed PMID: 20046873; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2795195.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Werkhoven C.H., Huijts S.M., Bolkenbaas M., Grobbee D.E., Bonten M.J. The impact of age on the efficacy of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in elderly. Clin Infect Dis 2015. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ686. PubMed PMID: 26265498.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Werkhoven C.H., Huijts S.M., Bolkenbaas M., Grobbee D.E., Bonten M.J. The impact of age on the efficacy of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in elderly. Clin Infect Dis 2015. doi: 10.1093/cid/civ686. PubMed PMID: 26265498.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit52"><label>52</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huijts S., Bonten M. Diagnosis and Prevention of Pneumococcal Community-Acquired Pneumonia. 2015.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huijts S., Bonten M. Diagnosis and Prevention of Pneumococcal Community-Acquired Pneumonia. 2015.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit53"><label>53</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bonten M.J., Huijts S.M., Bolkenbaas M., Webber C., Patterson S., Gault S. et al. Polysaccharide conjugate vaccine against pneumococcal pneumonia in adults. The New England J Med 2015; 372 (12): 1114-1125. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1408544. PubMed PMID: 25785969.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bonten M.J., Huijts S.M., Bolkenbaas M., Webber C., Patterson S., Gault S. et al. Polysaccharide conjugate vaccine against pneumococcal pneumonia in adults. The New England J Med 2015; 372 (12): 1114-1125. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1408544. PubMed PMID: 25785969.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit54"><label>54</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ewald H., Briel M., Vuichard D., Kreutle V., Zhydkov A., Gloy V. The clinical effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2016; 113 (9): 139-146. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2016.0139. PubMed PMID: 26987462; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4802351.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ewald H., Briel M., Vuichard D., Kreutle V., Zhydkov A., Gloy V. The clinical effectiveness of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2016; 113 (9): 139-146. doi: 10.3238/arztebl.2016.0139. PubMed PMID: 26987462; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4802351.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit55"><label>55</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Moberley S., Holden J., Tatham D.P., Andrews R.M. Vaccines for preventing pneumococcal infection in adults. Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online). 2013;1:CD000422. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000422. pub3. PubMed PMID: 23440780.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Moberley S., Holden J., Tatham D.P., Andrews R.M. Vaccines for preventing pneumococcal infection in adults. Cochrane database of systematic reviews (Online). 2013;1:CD000422. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD000422. pub3. PubMed PMID: 23440780.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit56"><label>56</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cadeddu C., De Waure C., Gualano M.R., Di Nardo F., Ricciardi W. 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs) in the elderly: is it really effective? J Prev Med Hyg 2012; 53 (2): 101-103. PubMed PMID: 23240169.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cadeddu C., De Waure C., Gualano M.R., Di Nardo F., Ricciardi W. 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) for the prevention of invasive pneumococcal diseases (IPDs) in the elderly: is it really effective? J Prev Med Hyg 2012; 53 (2): 101-103. PubMed PMID: 23240169.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit57"><label>57</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Huss A., Scott P., Stuck A.E., Trotter C., Egger M. Efficacy of pneumococcal vaccination in adults: a meta-analysis. CMAJ 2009; 180 (1): 48-58. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.080734. PubMed PMID: 19124790; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2612051.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Huss A., Scott P., Stuck A.E., Trotter C., Egger M. Efficacy of pneumococcal vaccination in adults: a meta-analysis. CMAJ 2009; 180 (1): 48-58. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.080734. PubMed PMID: 19124790; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2612051.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit58"><label>58</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kraicer-Melamed H., O'Donnell S., Quach C. The effectiveness of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine 23 (PPV23) in the general population of 50 years of age and older: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccine 2016; 34 (13): 1540-1550. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.024. PubMed PMID: 26899372.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kraicer-Melamed H., O'Donnell S., Quach C. The effectiveness of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine 23 (PPV23) in the general population of 50 years of age and older: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Vaccine 2016; 34 (13): 1540-1550. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.024. PubMed PMID: 26899372.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit59"><label>59</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ochoa-Gondar O., Vila-Corcoles A., Rodriguez-Blanco T., Gomez-Bertomeu F., Figuerola-Massana E., Raga-Luria X. et al. Effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine against community-acquired pneumonia in the general population aged &gt;/= 60 years: 3 years of follow-up in the CAPAMIS study. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 58(7): 909- 917. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu002. PubMed PMID: 24532544.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ochoa-Gondar O., Vila-Corcoles A., Rodriguez-Blanco T., Gomez-Bertomeu F., Figuerola-Massana E., Raga-Luria X. et al. Effectiveness of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine against community-acquired pneumonia in the general population aged &gt;/= 60 years: 3 years of follow-up in the CAPAMIS study. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 58(7): 909- 917. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciu002. PubMed PMID: 24532544.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit60"><label>60</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Elston J.W., Santaniello-Newton A., Meigh J.A., Harmer D., Allgar V., Allison T. et al. Increasing incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia despite improved vaccination uptake: surveillance in Hull and East Yorkshire, UK, 2002-2009. Epidemiology and infection. 2012; 140 (7): 1252-1266. doi: 10.1017/S0950268811001907. PubMed PMID: 22040368.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Elston J.W., Santaniello-Newton A., Meigh J.A., Harmer D., Allgar V., Allison T. et al. Increasing incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease and pneumonia despite improved vaccination uptake: surveillance in Hull and East Yorkshire, UK, 2002-2009. Epidemiology and infection. 2012; 140 (7): 1252-1266. doi: 10.1017/S0950268811001907. PubMed PMID: 22040368.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit61"><label>61</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnstone J., Marrie T.J., Eurich D.T., Majumdar S.R. Effect of pneumococcal vaccination in hospitalized adults with community-acquired pneumonia. Arch Internal Med 2007; 167 (18): 1938-1943. doi: 10.1001/archinte.167.18.1938. PubMed PMID: 17923592.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnstone J., Marrie T.J., Eurich D.T., Majumdar S.R. Effect of pneumococcal vaccination in hospitalized adults with community-acquired pneumonia. Arch Internal Med 2007; 167 (18): 1938-1943. doi: 10.1001/archinte.167.18.1938. PubMed PMID: 17923592.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit62"><label>62</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Andrews N.J., Waight P.A., George R.C., Slack M.P., Miller E. Impact and effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine against invasive pneumococcal disease in the elderly in England and Wales. Vaccine 2012; 30 (48): 6802-6808. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.019. PubMed PMID: 23000122.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Andrews N.J., Waight P.A., George R.C., Slack M.P., Miller E. Impact and effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine against invasive pneumococcal disease in the elderly in England and Wales. Vaccine 2012; 30 (48): 6802-6808. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2012.09.019. PubMed PMID: 23000122.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit63"><label>63</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">van Werkhoven C.H., Huijts S.M., Paling F.P., Bonten M.J. The scrutiny of identifying community-acquired pneumonia episodes quantified bias in absolute effect estimation in a population-based pneumococcal vaccination trial. J Clin Epidemiol 2016; 69: 185-192. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.07.004. PubMed PMID: 26197241.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">van Werkhoven C.H., Huijts S.M., Paling F.P., Bonten M.J. The scrutiny of identifying community-acquired pneumonia episodes quantified bias in absolute effect estimation in a population-based pneumococcal vaccination trial. J Clin Epidemiol 2016; 69: 185-192. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2015.07.004. PubMed PMID: 26197241.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit64"><label>64</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schiffner-Rohe J., Witt A., Hemmerling J., von Eiff C., Leverkus F.W. Efficacy of PPV23 in preventing pneumococcal pneumonia in adults at increased risk - a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 2016; 11 (1): e0146338. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146338. PubMed PMID: 26761816.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schiffner-Rohe J., Witt A., Hemmerling J., von Eiff C., Leverkus F.W. Efficacy of PPV23 in preventing pneumococcal pneumonia in adults at increased risk - a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE 2016; 11 (1): e0146338. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146338. PubMed PMID: 26761816.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit65"><label>65</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maruyama T., Taguchi O., Niederman M.S., Morser J., Kobayashi H., Kobayashi T. et al. Efficacy of 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine in preventing pneumonia and improving survival in nursing home residents: double blind, randomised and placebo controlled trial. BMJ (Clin Res Ed). 2010; 340: 1004. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c1004. PubMed PMID: 20211953; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2834887.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maruyama T., Taguchi O., Niederman M.S., Morser J., Kobayashi H., Kobayashi T. et al. Efficacy of 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine in preventing pneumonia and improving survival in nursing home residents: double blind, randomised and placebo controlled trial. BMJ (Clin Res Ed). 2010; 340: 1004. doi: 10.1136/bmj.c1004. PubMed PMID: 20211953; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC2834887.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit66"><label>66</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Castiglia P. Recommendations for pneumococcal immunization outside routine childhood immunization programs in Western Europe. Adv Ther 2014; 31 (10): 1011-44. doi: 10.1007/s12325-014-0157-1. PubMed PMID: 25300593; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4209094.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Castiglia P. Recommendations for pneumococcal immunization outside routine childhood immunization programs in Western Europe. Adv Ther 2014; 31 (10): 1011-44. doi: 10.1007/s12325-014-0157-1. PubMed PMID: 25300593; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4209094.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit67"><label>67</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Diao W.Q., Shen N., Yu P.X., Liu B.B., He B. Efficacy of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in preventing community-acquired pneumonia among immunocompetent adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Vaccine 2016; 34 (13): 1496-1503. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.023. PubMed PMID: 26899376.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Diao W.Q., Shen N., Yu P.X., Liu B.B., He B. Efficacy of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in preventing community-acquired pneumonia among immunocompetent adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials. Vaccine 2016; 34 (13): 1496-1503. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2016.02.023. PubMed PMID: 26899376.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit68"><label>68</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wiemken T.L., Carrico R.M., Klein S.L., Jonsson C.B., Peyrani P., Kelley R.R. et al. The effectiveness of the polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine for the prevention of hospitalizations due to Streptococcus pneumoniae community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly differs between the sexes: results from the Community-Acquired Pneumonia Organization (CAPO) international cohort study. Vaccine 2014; 32 (19): 2198-2203. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.02.048. PubMed PMID: 24613522.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wiemken T.L., Carrico R.M., Klein S.L., Jonsson C.B., Peyrani P., Kelley R.R. et al. The effectiveness of the polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine for the prevention of hospitalizations due to Streptococcus pneumoniae community-acquired pneumonia in the elderly differs between the sexes: results from the Community-Acquired Pneumonia Organization (CAPO) international cohort study. Vaccine 2014; 32 (19): 2198-2203. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.02.048. PubMed PMID: 24613522.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit69"><label>69</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Klein S.L., Poland G.A. Personalized vaccinology: one size and dose might not fit both sexes. Vaccine 2013; 31 (23): 2599-2600. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.02.070. PubMed PMID: 23579257.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Klein S.L., Poland G.A. Personalized vaccinology: one size and dose might not fit both sexes. Vaccine 2013; 31 (23): 2599-2600. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.02.070. PubMed PMID: 23579257.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit70"><label>70</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shea K.M., Edelsberg J., Weycker D., Farkouh R.A., Strutton D.R., Pelton S.I. Rates of pneumococcal disease in adults with chronic medical conditions. Open Forum Infect Dis 2014; 1 (1): ofu024. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofu024. PubMed PMID: 25734097; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4324183.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shea K.M., Edelsberg J., Weycker D., Farkouh R.A., Strutton D.R., Pelton S.I. Rates of pneumococcal disease in adults with chronic medical conditions. Open Forum Infect Dis 2014; 1 (1): ofu024. doi: 10.1093/ofid/ofu024. PubMed PMID: 25734097; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC4324183.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit71"><label>71</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim D.K., Bridges C.B., Harriman K.H. Advisory committee on immunization p. advisory committee on immunization practices recommended immunization schedule for adults aged 19 years or older: United States, 2016. Ann Intern Med 2016; 164 (3): 184-194. doi: 10.7326/M15-3005. PubMed PMID: 26829913.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim D.K., Bridges C.B., Harriman K.H. Advisory committee on immunization p. advisory committee on immunization practices recommended immunization schedule for adults aged 19 years or older: United States, 2016. Ann Intern Med 2016; 164 (3): 184-194. doi: 10.7326/M15-3005. PubMed PMID: 26829913.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit72"><label>72</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pilishvili T., Bennett N.M. Pneumococcal disease prevention among adults: strategies for the use of pneumococcal vaccines. American J Prevent Med 2015; 49: 6: Suppl 4: S383-390. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.09.008. PubMed PMID: 26590438.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pilishvili T., Bennett N.M. Pneumococcal disease prevention among adults: strategies for the use of pneumococcal vaccines. American J Prevent Med 2015; 49: 6: Suppl 4: S383-390. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2015.09.008. PubMed PMID: 26590438.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit73"><label>73</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation. Interim JCVI statement on adult pneumococcal vaccination in the UK. 2015. Available at URL: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/477966/JCVI_pnemococcal.pdf.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunisation. Interim JCVI statement on adult pneumococcal vaccination in the UK. 2015. Available at URL: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/477966/JCVI_pnemococcal.pdf.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit74"><label>74</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Choi W.S., Choi J.H., Kwon K.T., Seo K., Kim M.A., Lee S.O. et al. Revised adult immunization guideline recommended by the Korean society of infectious diseases, 2014. Infect Chemother 2015; 47 (1): 68-79. doi: 10.3947/ic.2015.47.1.68. PubMed PMID: 25844267; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4384453.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Choi W.S., Choi J.H., Kwon K.T., Seo K., Kim M.A., Lee S.O. et al. Revised adult immunization guideline recommended by the Korean society of infectious diseases, 2014. Infect Chemother 2015; 47 (1): 68-79. doi: 10.3947/ic.2015.47.1.68. PubMed PMID: 25844267; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC4384453.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit75"><label>75</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Conseil Superieur de la Sante. Recommandations pour la vaccination des enfants presentant un risque accru de maladie invasive a' pneumocoques. 2014. http://www.health.belgium.be/filestore/19100960_FR/CSS_9210_ pneumoadultes_light.pdf. Assessed Apr 04, 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Conseil Superieur de la Sante. Recommandations pour la vaccination des enfants presentant un risque accru de maladie invasive a' pneumocoques. 2014. http://www.health.belgium.be/filestore/19100960_FR/CSS_9210_ pneumoadultes_light.pdf. Assessed Apr 04, 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit76"><label>76</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Statens Serum Institute. Suggestions for pneumococcal vaccination outside the childhood vaccination programme. http://www.ssi.dk/English/ News/EPI-NEWS/2014/No 40 - 2014.aspx. Assessed Apr 04, 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Statens Serum Institute. Suggestions for pneumococcal vaccination outside the childhood vaccination programme. http://www.ssi.dk/English/ News/EPI-NEWS/2014/No 40 - 2014.aspx. Assessed Apr 04, 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit77"><label>77</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Conseil supérieur des maladies infectieuses. Vaccination eontre le pneumocoque pour les populations à risque ou agees de 65 Ans et plus, 2014. http://www.sante.public.lu/fr/espace-professionnel/recommandations/ conseil-maladies-infectieuses/infection-pneumocoques/2015-personne-risque.pdf. Assessed Apr 04, 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Conseil supérieur des maladies infectieuses. Vaccination eontre le pneumocoque pour les populations à risque ou agees de 65 Ans et plus, 2014. http://www.sante.public.lu/fr/espace-professionnel/recommandations/ conseil-maladies-infectieuses/infection-pneumocoques/2015-personne-risque.pdf. Assessed Apr 04, 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit78"><label>78</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Froes F., Diniz A., Robalo Cordeiro C., Serrado M., Ramalho de Almeida A., Portuguese Respiratory S. Consensus document for the prevention of respiratory infections in adults. Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia. 2014; 20 (2): 111-114. doi: 10.1016/j.rppneu.2014.02.001. PubMed PMID: 24613252.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Froes F., Diniz A., Robalo Cordeiro C., Serrado M., Ramalho de Almeida A., Portuguese Respiratory S. Consensus document for the prevention of respiratory infections in adults. Revista Portuguesa de Pneumologia. 2014; 20 (2): 111-114. doi: 10.1016/j.rppneu.2014.02.001. PubMed PMID: 24613252.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit79"><label>79</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Impfempfehlungen für das Gesundheitspersonal in Österreich, 2012. http://bmg.gv.at/home/Schwerpunkte/Gesundheitsfoerderung_Praevent ion/Impfen/Impfempfehlungen_fuer_das_Gesundheitspersonal_in_Oes terreich. Assessed Apr 04, 2016.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Impfempfehlungen für das Gesundheitspersonal in Österreich, 2012. http://bmg.gv.at/home/Schwerpunkte/Gesundheitsfoerderung_Praevent ion/Impfen/Impfempfehlungen_fuer_das_Gesundheitspersonal_in_Oes terreich. Assessed Apr 04, 2016.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit80"><label>80</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kobayashi M., Bennett N.M., Gierke R., Almendares O., Moore M.R., Whitney C G. et al. Intervals between PCV13 and PPSV23 vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Mmwr. 2015; 64 (34): 944-947. doi: 10.15585/mmwr. mm6434a4. PubMed PMID: 26334788.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kobayashi M., Bennett N.M., Gierke R., Almendares O., Moore M.R., Whitney C G. et al. Intervals between PCV13 and PPSV23 vaccines: recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). Mmwr. 2015; 64 (34): 944-947. doi: 10.15585/mmwr. mm6434a4. PubMed PMID: 26334788.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit81"><label>81</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Esposito S., Bonanni P., Maggi S., Tan L., Ansaldi F., Lopalco P.L. et al. Recommended immunization schedules for adults: clinical practice guidelines by the Escmid Vaccine Study Group (EVASG), European Geriatric Medicine Society (EUGMS) and the World Association for InfectiousDiseases and Immunological Disorders (WAidid). Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016: 1-18. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1150396. PubMed PMID: 27135390.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Esposito S., Bonanni P., Maggi S., Tan L., Ansaldi F., Lopalco P.L. et al. Recommended immunization schedules for adults: clinical practice guidelines by the Escmid Vaccine Study Group (EVASG), European Geriatric Medicine Society (EUGMS) and the World Association for InfectiousDiseases and Immunological Disorders (WAidid). Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016: 1-18. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1150396. PubMed PMID: 27135390.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
