antibioticsАнтибиотики и ХимиотерапияAntibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy0235-2990ООО «Издательство ОКИ»10.37489/0235-2990-2021-66-5-6-72-77antibiotics-822Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSМедицинская палеомикробиология: проблемы и перспективыMedical paleomicrobiology: problems and prospectsГончаровА. Е.GoncharovA. E.

Гончаров Артемий Евгеньевич — д. м. н., заведующий лабораторией функциональной геномики и протеомики микроорганизмов ФГБНУ Институт экспериментальной медицины; профессор кафедры эпидемиологии, паразитологии и дезинфектологии, ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет им. И. И. Мечникова» Минздрава России; доцент кафедры фундаментальных проблем медицины и медицинских технологий ФГБОУ ВО Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет

ул. Академика Павлова, 12, ФГБНУ Институт экспериментальной медицины, Санкт-Петербург, 197376

Artemy E. Goncharov — D. Sc. in medicine, Institute of Experimental Medicine, North-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Saint Petersburg State University

12 Academician Pavlov str., Institute of Experimental Medicine, Saint-Petersburg, 197376

phage1@yandex.ruКолоджиеваВ. В.KolodzhievaV. V.

Колоджиева Виктория Васильевна — к. м. н., доцент кафедры эпидемиологии, паразитологии и дезинфектологии

Санкт-Петербург

Viktoria V. Kolodzhieva — Ph. D. in medicine

Saint Petersburg

ФГБНУ «Институт экспериментальной медицины»; ФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственные медицинский университет им. И. И. Мечникова» Минздрава РФ; ФГБОУ ВО Санкт-Петербургский государственный университетРоссияInstitute of Experimental Medicine; North-Western State Medical university named after I. I. Mechnikov; Saint Petersburg State UniversityRussian FederationФГБОУ ВО «Северо-Западный государственные медицинский университет им. И. И. Мечникова» Минздрава РФРоссияNorth-Western State Medical university named after I. I. MechnikovRussian Federation202130082021665-67277Copyright © Гончаров А.Е., Колоджиева В.В., 20212021Гончаров А.Е., Колоджиева В.В.Goncharov A.E., Kolodzhieva V.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/822

Изучение микробной ДНК из палеонтологических и археологических образцов является мощным инструментом, позволяющим получить исчерпывающую информацию о молекулярной эволюции геномов возбудителей инфекционных заболеваний человека. Статья представляет собой ретроспективу наиболее значимых достижений медицинской палеомикробиологии. Предметом обсуждения являются результаты исследований по изучению генетического разнообразия древних микробиомов, содержащих детерминанты патогенности и антибиотикорезистентности. Перспективными представляются палеомикробиологические исследования многолетней мерзлоты как репозитория патогенной микробиоты.

The study of microbial DNA from paleontological and archaeological samples is a powerful tool for estimating the molecular evolution of human pathogens. The paper is a retrospective review of the most significant achievements in medical paleomicrobiology. The subject of the discussion is the genetic diversity of ancient microbiomes including pathogenicity and antibiotic resistance genes. Paleomicrobiological studies of permafrost as a repository of pathogenic microbiota are highly promising.

палеомикробиологиявысокопроизводительное секвенированиедревняя ДНКэволюциявозбудители инфекционных заболеваниймикробиоммноголетняя мерзлотаpaleomicrobiologyhigh throughput sequencingancient DNAevolutionpathogenesmicrobiomepermafrostИсследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 19-115-50417.ReferencesDrancourt M., Aboudharam G., Signoli M., Dutour O., Raoult D. Detection of 400-year-old Yersinia pestis DNA in human dental pulp: an approach to the diagnosis of ancient septicemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998; 95: 12637–40.Drancourt M., Aboudharam G., Signoli M., Dutour O., Raoult D. Detection of 400-year-old Yersinia pestis DNA in human dental pulp: an approach to the diagnosis of ancient septicemia. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1998; 95: 12637–40.Tran-Hung L., Tran-Thi N., Aboudharam G., Raoult D., Drancourt M. A new method to extract dental pulp DNA: application to universal detection of bacteria. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.