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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/0235-2990-2021-66-9-10-4-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-853</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Experimental Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Выделение актиномицетов редких родов — продуцентов антибиотиков из почв с применением сока Aloe arborescens</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Isolation of rare Genera of actinomycetes — antibiotic producers from soils using Aloe Arborescens juice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0063-4922</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синёва</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sineva</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Синёва Ольга Николаевна — к. б. н., научный сотрудник отдела микробиологии</p><p>eLIBRARY SPIN-код: 4862-2509</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Olga N. Sineva — Ph. D. in biology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт по изысканию новых антибиотиков им. Г. Ф. Гаузе»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Gause Institute of New Antibiotics</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>66</volume><issue>9-10</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>11</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Синёва О.Н., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Синёва О.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sineva O.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/853">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/853</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время актуальной проблемой является поиск новых антибиотиков, в связи с распространением устойчивости патогенных микроорганизмов к существующим антибактериальным препаратам. Актиномицеты являются продуцентами большого количества антибиотиков, применяемых в медицине. Большинство антибиотиков выделено из актиномицетов рода Streptomyces, в то же время актиномицеты редких родов могут быть продуцентами новых антибиотиков.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: изучить влияние комплекса биологических веществ сока алоэ на стимуляцию роста актиномицетов редких родов.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Объекты: образцы дерново-подзолистой почвы и чернозёма. Для выделения актиномицетов использовали стандартный метод посева почвенных суспензий на овсяный агар и среду № 2 Гаузе. Хемотаксономические признаки определяли с помощью методов восходящей тонкослойной хроматографии. Родовую принадлежность культур определяли по определителю Берджи и материалам сравнения состава клеточных стенок актинобактерий. Для изучения геносистематических признаков проводили выделение ДНК, полимеразную цепную реакцию со стандартными праймерами 27f и 1492r, секвенирование по Сенгеру. Антибиотическую активность определяли в отношении тест-микроорганизмов: Staphylococcus aureus ИНА 00985 (FDA 209P), Staphylococcus aureus ИНА 00761 (MRSA), Staphylococcus aureus ИНА 00762 (УФ-2), Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ИНА 01042.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При добавлении сока алоэ из образцов дерново-подзолистой почвы и чернозёма выделено 527 культур актиномицетов, определено их филогенетическое положение. Доминирующими актиномицетами в исследованных образцах почвы являются представители рода Streptomyces. На втором месте по количеству выделенных культур — представители рода Micromonospora. Выделены также актиномицеты редких родов: Nonomuraea, Streptosporangium, Nocardia, Actinomadura, Actinocorallia, Pseudonocardia, Amycolatopsis, Saccharomonospora, Saccharopolyspora, Promicromonospora, Kribbella. Установлено, что выделенные культуры обладают антибиотической активностью в отношении тест-микроорганизмов.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Для выделения актиномицетов из почвы и выявления их биоразнообразия целесообразно применять сок алоэ, предварительно подвергнув листья биостимуляции.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The search for new antibiotics is an urgent problem due to the spread of resistance to existing antibacterial drugs in pathogenic microorganisms. Actinomycetes are producers of a large number of antibiotics used in medicine. Most antibiotics are isolated from actinomycetes of the Streptomyces genus, while rare genera of actinomycetes can be the producers of new antibiotics.</p><p>The aim of the study is to investigate the effect of the biological substances complex present in aloe juice on the growth stimulation of rare genera of actinomycetes.</p><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Objects: samples of sod-podzolic soil and chernozem. The standard method of sowing soil suspensions on oat agar and Gause medium No. 2 was used to isolate actinomycetes. Chemotaxonomic properties were determined using the methods of ascending thin-layer chromatography on a cellulose layer. The generic identity of cultures was determined using Bergey’s manual and materials comparing the composition of cell walls of actinobacteria. DNA PCR with standard 27f and 1492r primers, as well as Sanger sequencing, were performed to study genosystematic features. Antibiotic activity was determined against the test microorganisms: Staphylococcus aureus ИНА 00985 (FDA 209P), Staphylococcus aureus ИНА 00761 (MRSA), Staphylococcus aureus ИНА 00762 (УФ- 2), Micrococcus luteus ATCC 9341, Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Saccharomyces cerevisiae ИНА 01042.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. A total of 527 actinomycete cultures were isolated from samples of sod-podzolic soil and chernozem with the addition of aloe juice; their phylogenetic position was determined. The dominant actinomycetes in the studied soil samples are the representatives of the genus Streptomyces. Bacteria of the genus Micromonospora take the second place by the number of isolated cultures. Rare genera of actinomycetes have also been identified: Nonomuraea, Streptosporangium, Nocardia, Actinomadura, Actinocorallia, Pseudonocardia, Amycolatopsis, Saccharomonospora, Saccharopolyspora, Promicromonospora, Kribbella. It was determined that the isolated cultures possess antibiotic activity against test microorganisms.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. It is advisable to use aloe juice after subjecting the leaves to biostimulation to isolate actinomycetes from the soil and identify their biodiversity.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>продуценты антибиотиков</kwd><kwd>актиномицеты</kwd><kwd>сок алоэ</kwd><kwd>Streptomyces</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>antibiotic producers</kwd><kwd>actinomycetes</kwd><kwd>aloe juice</kwd><kwd>Streptomyces</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berdy J. 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