antibioticsАнтибиотики и ХимиотерапияAntibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy0235-2990ООО «Издательство ОКИ»10.37489/0235-2990-2022-67-7-8-61-70antibiotics-950Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSМикропластик и его роль в сохранении и распространении генов резистентности к антибиотикам в морских экосистемахMicroplastics and Their Role in the Maintenance and Spread of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Marine Ecosystemshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-4456-808XАНДРЮКОВБ. Г.ANDRYUKOVB. G.

Андрюков Борис Георгиевич — д. м. н, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории кишечных инфекций ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. П. Сомова» РоспотребнадзораResearcherID: J-3752-2018eLIBRARY SPIN-код: 7757-3838Scopus Author ID: 57191370698

690087, г. Владивосток, ул. Сельская, д. 1

Boris G. Andryukov — D. Sc. in medicine, G. P. Somov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing, Far Eastern Branch of the State Research and Testing Institute of Military MedicineResearcherID: J-3752-2018eLIBRARY SPIN: 7757-3838Scopus Author ID: 571913

690087, Vladivostok, Sel’skaya str., 1

andrukov_bg@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2760-9778БЕСЕДНОВАН. Н.BESEDNOVAN. N.

Беседнова Наталия Николаевна — д. м. н., профессор, академик РАН, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологииeLIBRARY SPIN-код: 8931-9002Scopus Author ID: 7006805123

Владивосток

Natalia N. Besednova — D. Sc. in medicine, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of ScienceseLIBRARY SPIN: 8931-9002Scopus Author ID: 7006805123

Vladivostok

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2760-9778ЗАПОРОЖЕЦТ. С.ZAPOROZHETST. S.

Запорожец Татьяна Станиславовна — д. м. н., главный научный сотрудник лаборатории иммунологииResearcherID: Y-9425-2018eLIBRARY SPIN-код: 8931-9002Scopus Author ID: 7006805123

Владивосток

Tatyana S. Zaporozhets — D. Sc. in medicineResearcherID: Y-9425-2018eLIBRARY SPIN: 8931-9002Scopus Author ID: 7006805123

Vladivostok

ФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. П. Сомова» Роспотребнадзора; ФГАОУ ВО «Дальневосточный федеральный университет», Школа медициныРоссияSomov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing; Far Eastern Federal University, School of BiomedicineRussian FederationФГБНУ «Научно-исследовательский институт эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г. П. Сомова» РоспотребнадзораРоссияSomov Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human WellbeingRussian Federation202217112022677-86170Copyright © АНДРЮКОВ Б.Г., БЕСЕДНОВА Н.Н., ЗАПОРОЖЕЦ Т.С., 20222022АНДРЮКОВ Б.Г., БЕСЕДНОВА Н.Н., ЗАПОРОЖЕЦ Т.С.ANDRYUKOV B.G., BESEDNOVA N.N., ZAPOROZHETS T.S.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/950

Одним из самых обсуждаемых вопросов о защите окружающей среды в науке и обществе является загрязнение природных экосистем пластиком и его воздействие на живые организмы. Свидетельством этому является поток многочисленных публикаций, появившихся в последние годы. Результаты проведённых исследований подтверждают, что загрязнение водных экосистем пластиковым мусором считается одной из самых серьёзных глобальных экологических проблем. Особую озабоченность вызывает широкое распространение в Мировом океане продуктов фотоокисления и биологической деградации — микро- и наноразмерных частиц пластика (МП и НП), которые вносят основной вклад в биологические эффекты. Катастрофические экологические последствия заражения морских экосистем микропластиком связаны не только с экономическим ущербом, но и здоровьем людей, биобезопасностью марикультуры. Созданная человеком пластисфера является новой экосистемой, которая играет всё более значительную роль в жизни морских микроорганизмов. Биоплёнки, сформированные на шероховатых и гидрофобных поверхностях пластисферы, состоят из различных таксонов микроорганизмов и по составу отличаются от окружающих морских сообществ. Кроме того, они являются хранителями и переносчиками внутри- и внеклеточных генов антибиотикорезистентности (ARG). Целью обзора является обобщение современных сведений о загрязнении окружающей среды микропластиком в контексте его роли в сохранении и распространении патогенных бактерий и генов резистентности к антибиотикам в природных средах с акцентом на морские экосистемы.

One of the most discussed issues in environmental science and society is plastic pollution of natural ecosystems and its impact on living organisms. This is evidenced by the flow of numerous publications that have appeared in recent years. The results of the studies confirm that the pollution of aquatic ecosystems with plastic waste is considered one of the most severe global environmental problems. The wide distribution of photooxidation and biological degradation products of micro- and nano-sized plastic particles (MP and NP) in the World Ocean is of particular concern, which make the main contribution to biological effects. Catastrophic environmental consequences of marine ecosystems contamination with microplastics are associated not only with economic damage, but also with human health and the biosecurity of mariculture. Human-made plastisphere is a new ecosystem that plays an increasingly significant role in the life of marine microorganisms. Biofilms formed on the rough and hydrophobic surfaces of the plastisphere consist of various taxa of microorganisms and differ in composition from the surrounding marine communities. In addition, they act as depositories and carriers of intra- and extracellular antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). The purpose of the review is to summarize current information on environmental pollution by microplastics in the context of its role in the conservation and spread of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in natural environments with an emphasis on marine ecosystems.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.