<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">antibiotics</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Антибиотики и Химиотерапия</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0235-2990</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Издательство ОКИ»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.37489/0235-2990-2022-67-9-10-35-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">antibiotics-954</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Experimental Research</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Противовирусная активность комбинации интерферона альфа-2b и таурина in vitro в отношении вируса SARS-CoV-2</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Antiviral Activity of Interferon Alpha-2b and Taurine Combination Against SARS-CoV-2 in vitro</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2096-5080</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карташова</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kartashova</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м. н. с. лаборатории экспериментальной вирусологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nadezhda P. Kartashova — Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Experimental Virology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7289-693X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванина</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanina</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>лаборант-исследователь лаборатории экспериментальной вирусологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anna V. Ivanina — Laboratory Assistant and Researcher at the Laboratory of Experimental Virology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5925-9733</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Глубокова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Glubokova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>м. н. с. лаборатории экспериментальной вирусологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ekaterina A. Glubokova — Junior Researcher at the Laboratory of Experimental Virology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9836-9620</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фалынскова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Falynskova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>н. с. лаборатории экспериментальной вирусологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina N. Falynskova — Researcher at the Laboratory of Experimental Virology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2004-3935</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поромов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poromov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>к. б. н., с. н. с. лаборатории экспериментальной вирусологии; доцент</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artem A. Poromov — Ph. D. in Biology, Senior Researcher at the Laboratory of Experimental Virology</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7755-2714</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ленева</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leneva</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д. б. н., заведующий лаборатории экспериментальной вирусологии</p><p>Малый Казенный пер., д. 5а, г. Москва, 105064</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina A. Leneva — D. Sc. in Biology, Head of the Laboratory of Experimental Virology</p><p>5 Maly Kazenny per., Moscow, 105064</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">wnyfd385@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток им. И. И. Мечникова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Научно-исследовательский институт вакцин и сывороток им. И. И. Мечникова; Российский университет дружбы народов</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Mechnikov Research Institute for Vaccines and Sera; The Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>67</volume><issue>9-10</issue><fpage>35</fpage><lpage>41</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Карташова Н.П., Иванина А.В., Глубокова Е.А., Фалынскова И.Н., Поромов А.А., Ленева И.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Карташова Н.П., Иванина А.В., Глубокова Е.А., Фалынскова И.Н., Поромов А.А., Ленева И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kartashova N.P., Ivanina A.V., Glubokova E.A., Falynskova I.N., Poromov A.A., Leneva I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/954">https://www.antibiotics-chemotherapy.ru/jour/article/view/954</self-uri><abstract><p>Интерфероны (ИФН) проявляют высокую противовирусную активность в отношении многих вирусов, в том числе коронавируса SARS-CoV-2. В РФ широко применяется комбинация ИФН-α2b и антиоксиданта таурина. Противовирусная активность данной комбинации в отношении SARS-CoV-2 ранее не изучалась. Цель исследования — изучение противовирусной активности лекарственных препаратов интерферона в комбинации с таурином и без него. Исследование включало последовательное изучение цитотоксичности и противовирусной активности готовых лекарственных форм препаратов ИФН-α2b, при хранении согласно инструкции при 2–8°С и после хранения в течение 1 мес. в условиях комнатной температуры (20–26°С) в предварительно вскрытом состоянии. Комбинация ИФН альфа-2b с таурином обладает более высокой противовирусной активностью по сравнению с монопрепаратом ИФН альфа-2b, больше чем на 25% при «низкой» множественности заражения и 85% — при высокой. Индекс селективности для комбинаций ИФН-α2b (50 000 МЕ/доза) + таурин (1 мг/мл) и ИФН-α2b (10 000 МЕ/мл) + таурин (0,8 мг/мл) составил более чем 600 ед., для препарата ИФН-α2b (10 000 МЕ/мл) составил 200 ед. Противовирусная активность препаратов после одного месяца хранения при комнатной температуре не изменяется. По уровню токсичности комбинация интерферона с таурином при высоких концентрациях менее токсична, чем интерферон. Полученные результаты обосновывают применение комбинаций интерферона альфа-2b и таурина как для лечения, так и профилактики COVID-19.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Interferons (IFN) have antiviral activity against many viruses, including SARS-CoV-2. A combination of IFN-a2b and the antioxidant taurine is widely used in the Russian Federation, and its antiviral activity has not been studied before. The aim of this study was to determine the antiviral activity of interferon drugs, in combination with taurine and without it. The study included cytotoxicity and antiviral activity assays of IFN-a2b preparations, when stored according to the instructions at 2–8°C, and after 1 month storage at the temperature of 20–26°C in a pre-opened state. The combination of IFN alpha-2b with taurine has a higher antiviral activity compared to IFN alpha-2b mono-preparation by more than 25% at a «low» and 85% at a «high» multiplicity of infection. Selectivity index for combinations of IFN-a2b (50,000 IU/dose) + taurine (1 mg/ml) and IFN-a2b (10,000 IU/ml) + taurine (0.8 mg/ml) was more than 600 units, whereas for the IFN-a2b (10,000 IU/ml) it was 200 units. Antiviral activity does not change after one month at room temperature. The combination of interferon with taurine at high concentrations was less toxic than interferon. The results obtained demonstrate practicability of interferon alpha-2b and taurine combination use for treatment and prevention of COVID-19.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>вирусы</kwd><kwd>интерферон</kwd><kwd>противовирусная антивность</kwd><kwd>токсичность</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hydrogen peroxymonosulfate</kwd><kwd>ampicillin</kwd><kwd>spectrophotometry</kwd><kwd>voltammetry</kwd><kwd>redox titration</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено с использованием оборудования центра коллективного пользования НИИВС им. И. И. Мечникова.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tao K., Tzou P.L., Nouhin J. et al. The biological and clinical significance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Nat Rev Genet. 2021; 22 (12): 757–773. doi: 10.1038/s41576-021-00408-x.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tao K., Tzou P.L., Nouhin J. et al. The biological and clinical significance of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants. Nat Rev Genet. 2021; 22 (12): 757–773. doi: 10.1038/s41576-021-00408-x.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen R.E., Zhang X., Case J.B. et al. Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 variants to neutralization by monoclonal and serum-derived polyclonal antibodies. Nat Med. 2021; 27 (4): 717–726. doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01294-w.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen R.E., Zhang X., Case J.B. et al. Resistance of SARS-CoV-2 variants to neutralization by monoclonal and serum-derived polyclonal antibodies. Nat Med. 2021; 27 (4): 717–726. doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01294-w.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lucas C., Vogels C.B.F., Yildirim I. et al. Impact of circulating SARS-CoV- 2 variants on mRNA vaccine-induced immunity. Nature. 2021; 600 (7889): 523–529. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04085-y.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lucas C., Vogels C.B.F., Yildirim I. et al. Impact of circulating SARS-CoV- 2 variants on mRNA vaccine-induced immunity. Nature. 2021; 600 (7889): 523–529. doi: 10.1038/s41586-021-04085-y.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Golan Y., Campos J.A.S., Woolson R. et al. Favipiravir in patients with early mild-to-moderate COVID-19: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis. Published online September 6, 2022: ciac712. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac712.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Golan Y., Campos J.A.S., Woolson R. et al. Favipiravir in patients with early mild-to-moderate COVID-19: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Infect Dis. Published online September 6, 2022: ciac712. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciac712.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agarwal A., Rochwerg B., Lamontagne F. et al. A living WHO guideline on drugs for COVID-19. BMJ. 2020; 370. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m3379.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agarwal A., Rochwerg B., Lamontagne F. et al. A living WHO guideline on drugs for COVID-19. BMJ. 2020; 370. doi: 10.1136/bmj.m3379.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Contoli M., Papi A., Tomassetti L. et al. Blood interferon-α levels and severity, outcomes, and inflammatory profiles in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Front Immunol. 2021; 12: 648004. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.648004.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Contoli M., Papi A., Tomassetti L. et al. Blood interferon-α levels and severity, outcomes, and inflammatory profiles in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Front Immunol. 2021; 12: 648004. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.648004.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hadjadj J., Yatim N., Barnabei L. et al. Impaired type I interferon activity and inflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients. Science. 2020; 369 (6504): 718–724. doi: 10.1126/science.abc6027.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hadjadj J., Yatim N., Barnabei L. et al. Impaired type I interferon activity and inflammatory responses in severe COVID-19 patients. Science. 2020; 369 (6504): 718–724. doi: 10.1126/science.abc6027.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar S., Saurabh M.K., Maharshi V. Efficacy and Safety of Interferon Alpha-2b in COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2022; 15 (1): 27–32. doi: 10.13005/bpj/2340.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar S., Saurabh M.K., Maharshi V. Efficacy and Safety of Interferon Alpha-2b in COVID-19: A Systematic Review. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2022; 15 (1): 27–32. doi: 10.13005/bpj/2340.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loginova S.Y., Shсhukina V.N., Savenko S.V., Borisevich S.V. In vitro activity of human recombinant alpha-2b interferon against SARSCoV-2 virus]. Vopr Virusol. 2021; 66 (2): 123–128. doi: 10.36233/0507-4088-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loginova S.Y., Shсhukina V.N., Savenko S.V., Borisevich S.V. In vitro activity of human recombinant alpha-2b interferon against SARSCoV-2 virus]. Vopr Virusol. 2021; 66 (2): 123–128. doi: 10.36233/0507-4088-13.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Штро А.А., Слита А.В., Карпинская Л.А., Галочкина А.В., Зарубаев В.В. Активность интерферона в комбинации с антиоксидантами против ДНК— и РНК-содержащих вирусов человека. Лечащий врач. 2012; 10: 52 –56. [Shtro A.A., Slita A.V., Karpinskaya L.A., Galochkina A.V., Zarubaev V.V. Aktivnost' interferona v kombinatsii s antioksidantami protiv DNK— i RNK-soderzhashchikh virusov cheloveka. Lechashchij Vrach. 2012; 10: 52–56. (in Russian)]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Штро А.А., Слита А.В., Карпинская Л.А., Галочкина А.В., Зарубаев В.В. Активность интерферона в комбинации с антиоксидантами против ДНК— и РНК-содержащих вирусов человека. Лечащий врач. 2012; 10: 52 –56. [Shtro A.A., Slita A.V., Karpinskaya L.A., Galochkina A.V., Zarubaev V.V. Aktivnost' interferona v kombinatsii s antioksidantami protiv DNK— i RNK-soderzhashchikh virusov cheloveka. Lechashchij Vrach. 2012; 10: 52–56. (in Russian)]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lackner M., Rössler A., Volland A. et al. N-chlorotaurine is highly active against respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in vitro. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2022; 11 (1): 1293–1307. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2065932.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lackner M., Rössler A., Volland A. et al. N-chlorotaurine is highly active against respiratory viruses including SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) in vitro. Emerg Microbes Infect. 2022; 11 (1): 1293–1307. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2065932.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leneva I., Kartashova N., Poromov A. et al. Antiviral activity of umifenovir in vitro against a broad spectrum of coronaviruses, including the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus. Viruses. 2021; 13 (8). doi: 10.3390/v13081665.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leneva I., Kartashova N., Poromov A. et al. Antiviral activity of umifenovir in vitro against a broad spectrum of coronaviruses, including the novel SARS-CoV-2 virus. Viruses. 2021; 13 (8). doi: 10.3390/v13081665.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Vasilyev A.N. Antioxidant Impact on specific antiviral activity of human recombinant interferon α-2b with respect to herpes simplex in cell culture. Antibiot Chemother. 2010; 55 (7–8): 20–25.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Vasilyev A.N. Antioxidant Impact on specific antiviral activity of human recombinant interferon α-2b with respect to herpes simplex in cell culture. Antibiot Chemother. 2010; 55 (7–8): 20–25.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rubio-casillas A., Gupta R.C., Redwan E.M., Uversky V.N., Badierah R. Early taurine administration as a means for halting the cytokine storm progression in COVID-19 patients. Explor Med. 2022; 3 (3): 234–248. doi: 10.37349/emed.2022.00088.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rubio-casillas A., Gupta R.C., Redwan E.M., Uversky V.N., Badierah R. Early taurine administration as a means for halting the cytokine storm progression in COVID-19 patients. Explor Med. 2022; 3 (3): 234–248. doi: 10.37349/emed.2022.00088.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Morales-borges R.H., González M.J., Gupta R.C. Taurine as Anticancer and Antiviral : Case Report and Prospective Update. Glob J Cancer Case Reports. 2020; 01 (02): 1–14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Morales-borges R.H., González M.J., Gupta R.C. Taurine as Anticancer and Antiviral : Case Report and Prospective Update. Glob J Cancer Case Reports. 2020; 01 (02): 1–14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ших Е.В., Дорофеева М.Н. Рекомбинантный интерферон альфа -2b с антиоксидантами (альфа токоферола ацетат и аскорбиновая кислота): эффективность с точки зрения взаимодействия компонентов. Педиатрия Журнал им ГН Сперанского. Published online 2015: 149–155. [Shikh E.V., Dorofeeva M.N. Rekombinantnyj interferon al'fa-2b s antioksidantami (al'fa tokoferola atsetat i askorbinovaya kislota): effektivnost' s tochki zreniya vzaimodejstviya komponentov. Pediatriya Zhurnal im GN Speranskogo. Published online 2015: 149–155. (in Russian)]</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ших Е.В., Дорофеева М.Н. Рекомбинантный интерферон альфа -2b с антиоксидантами (альфа токоферола ацетат и аскорбиновая кислота): эффективность с точки зрения взаимодействия компонентов. Педиатрия Журнал им ГН Сперанского. Published online 2015: 149–155. [Shikh E.V., Dorofeeva M.N. Rekombinantnyj interferon al'fa-2b s antioksidantami (al'fa tokoferola atsetat i askorbinovaya kislota): effektivnost' s tochki zreniya vzaimodejstviya komponentov. Pediatriya Zhurnal im GN Speranskogo. Published online 2015: 149–155. (in Russian)]</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
