Неспецифические средства медицинской защиты в отношении COVID-19

В начале 2020 г. человечество столкнулось с пандемией новой коронавирусной инфекции, получившей название COVID-19. Заболевание стало одним из самых контагиозных за всю историю человечества. Среди медицинских средств защиты (МСЗ), которые могут быть использованы для профилактики заболевания и лечения больных COVID-19, важное место занимают неспецифические МСЗ. Целью настоящей работы является анализ и оценка эффективности неспецифических МСЗ в отношении COVID-19. Эти препараты, в соответствие с мишенями их действия, разделяют на две группы. Препараты первой группы либо блокируют вход вируса в клетку, либо ингибируют ферменты, участвующие в репликации вирусной РНК. Другая группа препаратов воздействует на иммунную систему макроорганизма, которая играет определяющую роль в резистентности к инфекции, либо блокирует воспалительные процессы в лёгких. Примером противовирусных препаратов широкого спектра действия, для которых уже установлена активность и в отношении вируса SARS-CoV-2, является фавипиравир. При разработке новых неспецифических МСЗ против COVID-19 важным условием их внедрения в лечебную практику является всесторонняя проверка в представительных рандоминизированных клинических испытаниях.

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