Obtaining a Peptide Complex with Antibacterial Effect from Donor Leukocytes

Relevance. Microbicidal proteins are used to create natural antimicrobial drugs. It has been shown to date that ultrasound exposure of leukocytes results in complete cell destruction and the formation of new compounds — peptide complexes with immunobiological activity. The aim of the study was to update the parameters of ultrasound effect on the donor leukocytes to isolate individual polypeptides with biological activity. Materials and methods. New leukocyte protein-peptide complexes were obtained by ultrasonic treatment of donor leukocytes. Separation of peptide complexes was carried out on Superdex 200 increase chromatographic columns. HPLC and infrared spectroscopy methods were used to study them. The HPLC method was implemented on a Knauer chromatograph (Germany) using a spectrophotometric detector of analytical wavelengths of 280 nm and 293 nm. Results. It has been established that various ultrasound wave amplitudes and durations of their action contribute to the production of complex protein compounds. Under certain conditions (processing donor leukocytes with ultrasound for 90 sec., with an amplitude of 60%, a power of 50 W, and a frequency of 30 kHz), it is possible to obtain a complex of low-molecular peptides with a molecular weight of less than 6.5 kDa. Using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, it was determined that the composition of the obtained peptide complex includes amino acids such as Thr, Ser, Phe, Tyr, His, and Trp. It has been established that this complex has antibacterial activity. Conclusion. Ultrasound treatment of donor leukocytes produces a protein complex with antibacterial activity.

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