Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec, Evolution and Genetic Lines of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus
Abstract
Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is the main pathogen of hospital- and community-associated infections. Methicillin resistance is due to mecA gene located in a mobile complex element, staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). The structure of the staphylococcal cassettes is diverse. At present eleven types of the cassettes are described. Types I-IV SCCmec are always associated with epidemiologically significant genetic lines of Staphylococcus. Thus, the pandemic hospital-associated MRSA (HA MRSA) belonging to CC5 and CC8 are of the types I-III SCCmec. The prevalence of virulent community-associated MRSA (CA MRSA) in many regions of the world is first of all connected with the characteristics of the type IV SCCmec structure and the presence of a recently described arginine catabolic mobile element (ACME) increasing the colonization activity of Staphylococcus. The review presents the up-to-date data on the origin, genetic structure and classification of SCCmec. Global genetic lines of MRSA are described and the problem of CA MRSA is discussed.
About the Authors
V. V. Gostev
Research Institute of Children's Infections
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
S. V. Sidorenko
Research Institute of Children's Infections
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
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Review
For citations:
Gostev V.V., Sidorenko S.V. Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec, Evolution and Genetic Lines of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiot Khimioter = Antibiotics and Chemotherapy. 2012;57(9-10):38-46. (In Russ.)
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