In this work a primary structural analysis has been carried out and biological properties of protein-peptide extract from lamb’s quarters ( Chenopodium album L.) were studied. It has been shown that the obtained enriched concentrate displayed potent fungicidal properties towards a number of phytopathogenic (Fusarium oxysporum, Thielaviopsisbasicola) and opportunistic fungi (Aspergillus spp.) at a quantitative level comparable with the effect of commercial antifungal drugs, at the same time possessing moderate antibacterial properties (Escherichiacoli, Bacillussubtilus) not associated with ribosome-inactivating activity. When studying the analgesic activity of this extract in acute pain models («hot water», «hot plate», and «electro stimulation»), it demonstrated activity in a wide range of active concentrations and at the same time their effect was manifested both at the spinal and supraspinal levels of pain sensitivity. The primary structural characteristic of the total fractions of the active extract based on mass spectrometry analysis revealed a set of compounds in a wide range of molecular masses (1.9-12.5 kDa), and protein chemical base of some of them has been confirmed by a combination of spectrophotometric analysis and N-terminal Edman sequencing. The totality of the data obtained allows positioning of the lamb’s quarters’ seeds as a rich source of biologically active polypeptides with antibiotic and analgesic properties.

The aim of the study was to obtain and characterize liposomal silibinin, as well as to study its antitumor and antimicrobial activity. Liposomes were obtained by hydration of a thin-layer film with a buffer solution followed by multiple freezing-thawing of the dispersion of phosphatidylcholine-cholesterol-silibinin. It has been established that liposomal silibinin has an inhibitory effect against liver (HepG2 line) and prostate gland (DU145 line) tumor cells. In addition, liposomalosilinin has a pronounced antibacterial effect against bacteria and a fungistatic effect on toxigenic micromycetes, which may indicate its effectiveness as an antimicrobial and fungistatic agent for reducing the negative effect of mycotoxins of mold fungi.

The study investigates the phagocytic activity of neutrophilic granulocytes under the influence of antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiellapneimoniae belonging to extended-spectrum в-lactamases. The subjects of the study were neutrophilic granulocytes of blood isolated from healthy people and strains of bacteria S.aureus, P.aeruginosa, and K.pneumoniae resistant and sensitive to antibiotics. The functions of phagocytosis (phagocytic number and phagocytic index) were assessed with the help of FITC (Fluorescein Isothyocyanate) - labeled bacteria. The analysis of stained cells was carried out on flow cytofluorimeter FC-500 (BeckmanCoulter, USA) in whole peripheral blood. A different phagocytic response of neutrophils to resistant and sensitive strains of bacteria was detected. Thus, in response to resistant strains of S.aureus, the percentage of neutrophils entering phagocytosis and the average number of intracellular bacteria increases with respect to sensitive strains. In response to resistant strains of K.pneumonia, the phagocytic activity of neutrophilic granulocytes decreases. When neutrophil granulocytes were induced, resistant strains of P.aeruginosa did not show significant differences with respect to sensitive strains.

A retrospective analysis of the results of diagnosis of urinary tract infections and antibiotic susceptibility of pathogens isolated from patients from outpatient clinics in 2013-2015 was conducted. 1118 isolates (76.6%) were obtained from women aged 18 to 91 years (mean age 46.3+22.2 years) and 341 (23.4%) from men aged 19 to 85 years (mean age 52.1+19.7 years). Among 1459 uropathogens, representatives of the Enterobacteriaceae family (77.0%) prevailed, while, gram-positive bacteria (18.3%) and non-fermenting gram-negative bacteria (4.2%) were less common. The lowest level of resistance was exhibited by isolates of E.coli: 45.7% of isolates were resistant to ampicillin, 39.7% - to inhibitor-protected penicillins, up to 21.7% - to fluoroquinolones, 17.5-18.7% - to cephalosporins, up to 10,7% - to aminoglycosides. Along with carbapenems, high activity against Escherichia coli was retained by nitrofurantoin, to which only 7.0% of isolates were insensitive. The greatest level of resistance was detected among enterobacteria of Citrobacter freundii, Morganella spp., Serratia spp., Cedecea spp., Providencia spp. Resistance to oxacillin showed more than 40% of both Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase-negative staphylococci. The spread of resistance to cephalosporins of III-IV generations among Enterobacteriaceae should be considered as the most unfavorable trend, which is probably associated with production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases.

The aim of the study was to research the microflora of suppurative complications, its antibiotic resistance, and the molecular genetic features of MRSA in burn patients. Material and methods. The microflora of biopsy specimens, wound fluid from 145 patients with thermal burns was investigated on the first day and on the 10-50^th days of stay in the burn center of the Regional Clinical Hospital in 2013-2016. The molecular genetic features of 12 strains of MRSA isolated from different burn patients have been studied. Methods used: bacteriological, PCR, M-PCR, sequencing, PFGE, agglutination reaction. Results. On the first day of hospitalization, when biopsy specimen and wound fluid were taken, microbial growth was detected in 25.5% of cases, gram-positive microorganisms, in particular MSSA (37.8%), dominated. On the 10-50^th days of hospitalization, growth was obtained in 93.2% of cases, Gram-negative microflora (53.4%) dominated, with a significant role played by Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp. (38.0%), characterized by a high degree of resistance to antimicrobial drugs: XDR - 18%, PDR - 67%. On the 10-50^th days of hospitalization, a significant role was played by staphylococci (38.7%), while the proportion of MRSA was 62.2%. Circulation of one MRSA clone in burn patients - ST239/spa3(t037)/a§r//SCCmecIII.1.1.2(IIIA)/CoaIy, characterized by multiple resistance to antimicrobial agents, was established.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a frequent infectious disease or complication of hospital stay. The effectiveness and the recovery speed of the patient depends on the correct choice of antibacterial drug for the treatment of UTI. The choice of antibacterial therapy in the treatment of UTIs should be dictated by the predicted uropathogen flora. Since it is necessary to start treatment before obtaining the results of urine culture, UTI therapy uses empirical treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics. However, this leads to a very rapid increase in the resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics. To reduce this effect, as well as to impove the effectiveness of treatment, it is necessary to put forward a hypothesis about the proposed microorganism which caused the UTI as precisely as possible and to try to prescribe the most suitable antibiotic. The clinical situation in which the UTI occurred may determine a probable pathogen, which will be the basis for the choice of antibiotic therapy. The article offers various therapeutic strategies for treatment of UTI, depending on the proposed bacterial flora, the clinical situation, and the characteristics of the patient.

The identification of the buserelin acetate sample was carried out without using the pharmacopeia reference standard. The identification was based on the spectral NMR data (¹H,¹³C,¹H-¹H gCOSY,¹H-¹³C gHSQC,¹H-¹³C gHMBC) complex analysis. NMR experiment parameters were determined for the obtaining of spectra with S/N ratio above 50: 1 (¹H) and 10:1 (¹³C). The inexpediency of using the acetate anion signal for calibration of the scale of chemical shifts in the spectra of an aqueous solution of buserelin acetate is shown. The assumption about the effect of the speed of prototropic tautomerism on the disappearance of signals of carbon atoms in positions 4 and 5 of the imidazole ring in the L-histidine fragment of buserelin acetate was made.

Topoisomerases are enzymes that control the topology of DNA. Topoisomerases are divided into types 1 and 2, depending on the mechanism of action. The article discusses the structure and mechanisms of the action of topoisomerases, the possibility of an independent value of the level of expression of topoisomerase 2a in the course of chemotherapy with anthracycline antibiotics that inhibit this protein in patients with breast cancer.